Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642-8648, USA.
Radiographics. 2009 Nov;29(7):2007-16. doi: 10.1148/rg.297095058.
Elastography is a technique that maps relative tissue stiffness. Ultrasonographic (US) elastography (sonoelastography) is a novel modality that is the subject of active research for clinical applications, primarily breast and prostate lesion imaging. Breast and prostate tumors generally have biomechanical properties different from those of normal tissues: Tumors are usually stiffer. This phenomenon is responsible for tissue contrast on elastograms. For the prostate gland and breast, the main image acquisition techniques are vibration sonoelastography and compression sonoelastography. The sonoelastographic appearances of several common breast lesions, including fibroadenomas, simple and complex cysts, ductal carcinomas, malignant lymph nodes, and hematomas, are reviewed. In addition, the US elastographic appearances of the normal prostate gland, prostate carcinomas, and benign prostate hyperplasia are illustrated. Potential pitfalls in the interpretation of elastograms, including false-positive and false-negative images, are illustrated. These imaging findings are derived from ongoing research because sonoelastography is not yet accepted for routine clinical use.
弹性成像是一种用于绘制相对组织硬度的技术。超声弹性成像（声弹性成像）是一种新的成像方式，目前正在积极研究其在临床应用中的价值，主要用于乳腺和前列腺病变的成像。乳腺和前列腺肿瘤的生物力学特性通常与正常组织不同：肿瘤通常更硬。这种现象是弹性图像中组织对比度的原因。对于前列腺和乳腺，主要的图像采集技术是振动声弹性成像和压缩声弹性成像。本文回顾了几种常见乳腺病变的声弹性成像表现，包括纤维腺瘤、单纯性和复杂性囊肿、导管癌、恶性淋巴结和血肿。此外，还介绍了正常前列腺、前列腺癌和前列腺增生的超声弹性成像表现。还说明了在解释弹性图像时可能出现的陷阱，包括假阳性和假阴性图像。这些成像发现源自正在进行的研究，因为声弹性成像尚未被接受用于常规临床应用。
