Cummings D M, Amadio P, Nelson L, Fitzgerald J M
Department of Family Medicine, East Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, NC 27858-4354.
Arch Intern Med. 1991 Feb;151(2):250-9.
Calcium channel blockers, originally developed for the treatment of angina and supraventricular arrhythmias, have been shown to lower elevated blood pressure effectively in hypertensive patients. Verapamil, nifedipine, and diltiazem represent prototype compounds for unique chemical classes with differing pharmacologic properties. These drugs lower elevated blood pressure with efficacy comparable with other commonly used antihypertensives. Combination therapy with other agents usually results in an additive response. Side effects are usually mild and reversible and usually are an extension of the drug's pharmacologic effects. Moreover, adverse metabolic effects on lipid, glucose, or potassium levels are not common. Because of the excellent antihypertensive effects of calcium channel blockers and their potential importance in a variety of other disease states, these agents should be routinely considered for use as a first-line antihypertensive agent in appropriately selected patients with hypertension of any severity as part of a comprehensive plan to minimize cardiovascular risk.
钙通道阻滞剂最初用于治疗心绞痛和室上性心律失常，现已证明能有效降低高血压患者的血压。维拉帕米、硝苯地平和地尔硫䓬是具有不同药理特性的独特化学类别的原型化合物。这些药物降低血压的效果与其他常用抗高血压药物相当。与其他药物联合治疗通常会产生相加作用。副作用通常较轻且可逆，通常是药物药理作用的延伸。此外，对脂质、葡萄糖或钾水平的不良代谢影响并不常见。由于钙通道阻滞剂具有出色的降压作用及其在多种其他疾病状态中的潜在重要性，在任何严重程度的高血压患者中，作为综合计划的一部分，以尽量降低心血管风险，应常规考虑将这些药物用作一线抗高血压药物，适当地选择患者。
