Department of Medicine, University of the Region of Joinville, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Breastfeed Med. 2010 Apr;5(2):79-85. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2009.0008.
Worldwide strategies have been conducted in order to guarantee longer periods of exclusive breastfeeding for most children, especially those from developing countries. The evaluation of infant feeding practices and the identification of weaning risk factors are essential for public health policy planning.
This cross-sectional study was carried out in Joinville, the biggest city of Santa Catarina State in the southern Brazilian region. The caregivers of children under 1 year of age were systematically selected for interview in previously drawn immunization units during the 2005 National Vaccination Campaign. A structured questionnaire was applied for collection of infant, maternal, and healthcare variables. A 24-hour food recall survey was included in order to evaluate infant feeding practices. Descriptive statistic analysis on breastfeeding prevalence and Poisson regression analysis of risk factors for discontinuing exclusive breastfeeding for infants up to 6 months of age were performed.
Caregivers of 1,470 infants were interviewed. The feeding inquiry showed an overall rate of breastfeeding of 72.5% and a frequency of exclusive breastfeeding of 43.7% and 53.9% among infants younger than 6 and 4 months of age, respectively. The findings associated with the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding for infants up to 6 months were: higher infant age (P < 0.001), pacifier use (P < 0.001), and lower maternal educational level (P = 0.013).
In developing countries, specific strategies must be created for the delivery of information about breastfeeding and the effect of pacifier use, especially for less educated women.
为了确保大多数儿童（尤其是发展中国家的儿童）能够进行更长时间的纯母乳喂养，全球范围内都在实施相关策略。评估婴儿喂养方式并确定断奶的风险因素，对于公共卫生政策规划至关重要。
本横断面研究在巴西南部圣卡塔琳娜州最大的城市若因维利进行。在 2005 年全国免疫接种运动期间，通过系统选择在预先划定的免疫接种单位中 1 岁以下儿童的看护人进行访谈。采用结构化问卷收集婴儿、产妇和医疗保健相关变量。纳入 24 小时食物回忆调查，以评估婴儿喂养方式。对母乳喂养的流行率进行描述性统计分析，并对 6 个月以下婴儿停止纯母乳喂养的风险因素进行 Poisson 回归分析。
共访谈了 1470 名婴儿的看护人。喂养调查显示，母乳喂养总体率为 72.5%，6 个月以下和 4 个月以下婴儿的纯母乳喂养率分别为 43.7%和 53.9%。与 6 个月以下婴儿停止纯母乳喂养相关的发现包括：婴儿年龄较大（P < 0.001）、使用安抚奶嘴（P < 0.001）和母亲受教育程度较低（P = 0.013）。
在发展中国家，必须制定特定的策略来提供有关母乳喂养和安抚奶嘴使用效果的信息，尤其是针对受教育程度较低的妇女。
