Kinawy Amal A
Psychology department, Faculty of Arts, Cairo University, Egypt.
BMC Physiol. 2009 Nov 24;9:21. doi: 10.1186/1472-6793-9-21.
This paper examines closely and compares the potential hazards of inhalation of two types of gasoline (car fuel). The first type is the commonly use leaded gasoline and the second is the unleaded type enriched with oxygenate additives as lead substituent in order to raise the octane number. The impacts of gasoline exposure on Na+, K+-ATPase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), total protein, reduced glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) in the cerebral cortex, and monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum and hypothalamus were evaluated. The effect of gasoline exposure on the aggressive behaviour tests was also studied.
The present results revealed that gasoline inhalation induced significant fluctuations in the levels of the monoamine neurotransmitters in the studied brain regions. This was concomitant with a decrease in Na+, K+-ATPase activity and total protein content. Moreover, the group exposed to the unleaded gasoline exhibited an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in AChE and superoxide dismutase activities. These physiological impairments were accompanied with a higher tendency towards aggressive behaviour as a consequence to gasoline inhalation.
It is concluded from the present work that chronic exposure to either the leaded or the unleaded gasoline vapours impaired the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters and other biochemical parameters in different brain areas and modulated several behavioural aspects related to aggression in rats.
本文仔细研究并比较了吸入两种类型汽油（汽车燃料）的潜在危害。第一种是常用的含铅汽油，第二种是添加了含氧化合物添加剂作为铅替代物以提高辛烷值的无铅汽油。评估了汽油暴露对大脑皮层中Na +、K + -ATP酶、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、总蛋白、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和脂质过氧化（TBARS）的影响，以及对大脑皮层、海马体、小脑和下丘脑中单胺类神经递质多巴胺（DA）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）和5-羟色胺（5-HT）的影响。还研究了汽油暴露对攻击性行为测试的影响。
目前的结果表明，吸入汽油会导致所研究脑区中单胺类神经递质水平发生显著波动。这伴随着Na +、K + -ATP酶活性和总蛋白含量的降低。此外，暴露于无铅汽油的组脂质过氧化增加，AChE和超氧化物歧化酶活性降低。这些生理损伤伴随着吸入汽油后攻击性行为倾向的增加。
从目前的研究得出结论，长期暴露于含铅或无铅汽油蒸汽会损害不同脑区中单胺类神经递质水平和其他生化参数，并调节与大鼠攻击行为相关的几个行为方面。
