Osborne Timothy F, Espenshade Peter J
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
Genes Dev. 2009 Nov 15;23(22):2578-91. doi: 10.1101/gad.1854309.
Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are a subfamily of basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH-LZ) transcription factors that are conserved from fungi to humans and are defined by two key features: a signature tyrosine residue in the DNA-binding domain, and a membrane-tethering domain that is a target for regulated proteolysis. Recent studies including genome-wide and model organism approaches indicate SREBPs coordinate cellular lipid metabolism with other cellular physiologic processes. These functions are broadly related as cellular adaptation to environmental changes ranging from nutrient fluctuations to toxin exposure. This review integrates classic features of the SREBP pathway with newer information regarding the regulation and sensing mechanisms that serve to assimilate different cellular physiologic processes for optimal function and growth.
固醇调节元件结合蛋白（SREBPs）是碱性螺旋-环-螺旋亮氨酸拉链（bHLH-LZ）转录因子的一个亚家族，从真菌到人类都保守存在，其具有两个关键特征：DNA结合结构域中的标志性酪氨酸残基，以及作为受调控蛋白水解靶点的膜锚定结构域。包括全基因组和模式生物方法在内的近期研究表明，SREBPs将细胞脂质代谢与其他细胞生理过程协调起来。这些功能广泛相关，涉及细胞对从营养波动到毒素暴露等环境变化的适应。本综述将SREBP途径的经典特征与关于调节和传感机制的新信息整合在一起，这些机制有助于整合不同的细胞生理过程以实现最佳功能和生长。
