Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Psychosom Med. 2010 Jan;72(1):97-106. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181c5080a. Epub 2009 Nov 20.
To assess the course of immune control over Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) through three salivary measures: neutralization of HSV-1, levels of specific antibody against HSV-1 (HSV-1-sIgA) and total immunoglobulin A (total sIgA), and to determine the factors that contribute to its recovery or deterioration. Several studies have demonstrated that intimate partner violence (IPV) affects immune responses in women, but none have investigated the impact longitudinally over time.
Women (n = 60), who participated in our previous cross-sectional study (T-1) and who had been either physically/psychologically (n = 22) or psychologically abused (n = 14) by their partners, were evaluated 3 years later (T-2). A control group of women (n = 24) was included for comparison. Saliva samples were collected twice a day (8 AM-9 AM, and 8 PM-9 PM) on 2 days spaced 2 weeks apart. Information about psychological and lifestyle variables was obtained by structured interviews.
Physically/psychologically abused women had a significant improvement in both the capacity to neutralize HSV-1 and HSV-sIgA levels, and at T-2 the capacity of their saliva to inhibit virus was no longer different from the other two groups. Regression analysis indicated that the cessation of physical IPV was the main predictor of this recovery.
This study shows that recovery of immune control over HSV-1 is possible in women who had been exposed to physical/psychological IPV despite an initially low antiviral capacity. Other longitudinal studies are needed to determine which factors best predict the restoration of physical and emotional well-being in order to design more effective intervention programs.
通过三种唾液测量方法评估对单纯疱疹病毒 1 型（HSV-1）的免疫控制过程：HSV-1 的中和作用、针对 HSV-1 的特异性抗体水平（HSV-1-sIgA）和总免疫球蛋白 A（总 sIgA），并确定有助于其恢复或恶化的因素。多项研究表明，亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）会影响女性的免疫反应，但没有一项研究从纵向角度对此进行过研究。
本研究共纳入 60 名女性（n = 60），这些女性曾参与我们之前的横断面研究（T-1），并受到过伴侣的身体/心理暴力（n = 22）或心理暴力（n = 14）。这些女性在 3 年后（T-2）接受了评估。纳入了一组女性（n = 24）作为对照组进行比较。在相隔两周的两天内，每天两次（上午 8 点至 9 点，晚上 8 点至 9 点）采集唾液样本。通过结构化访谈获取有关心理和生活方式变量的信息。
身体/心理受虐的女性在中和 HSV-1 的能力和 HSV-sIgA 水平方面均有显著改善，在 T-2 时，其唾液抑制病毒的能力与其他两组不再有差异。回归分析表明，停止身体 IPV 是这种恢复的主要预测因素。
这项研究表明，尽管最初抗病毒能力较低，但遭受身体/心理 IPV 的女性可能会恢复对 HSV-1 的免疫控制。需要进行其他纵向研究，以确定哪些因素最能预测身体和情绪健康的恢复，从而设计更有效的干预计划。
