Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2009 Oct 1;34(21):2305-10. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181b1fdd0.
An in vivo model of scoliosis was established in immature goats.
To assess the feasibility, reliability, and complications of the innovative animal model.
Among the methods of creating a scoliotic model, posterior asymmetric tethering of spine yielded encouraging results. However, some shortcomings associated with the use of posterior asymmetric tether are apparent.
Fourteen female goats (age: 5-8 weeks old, weight: 6-8 kg), were instrumented and tethered using unilateral pedicle screws and contralateral rib resections. Twelve of the goats were followed up for 8 weeks by serial radiography. Six goats were removed of the posterior load and no treatment was given. Two goats were selected randomly from the 6 animals and subjected to computed tomography (CT) three-dimensional reconstruction after another 8 weeks. All the 6 goats were killed and spine specimens were harvested for histologic study 16 weeks after observation.
Radiographic observation showed that 12 goats developed scoliosis with convex toward the right side, and the curvature increased with time in 11 goats, and it remained unchanged in 1 animal. The angle immediately after the procedures averaged 29.0 degrees (23 degrees -38 degrees ) and increased to an average of 43.0 degrees (36.0 degrees -58.0 degrees ) over a period of 8 to 10 weeks, with average angle increment being 14.0 degrees (P < 0.001). The curvature ceased to increase in 6 goats during the subsequent 2 months after the tether were removed (P > 0.05). Three-dimensional CT reconstruction revealed that the vertebral bodies were wedged, the 2 sides of the thoracic skeleton were asymmetric, and the vertebrae in the major curve were rotated. Histologic study revealed that the goats remained in growth stage and the growth potential of 2 sides of the spine was not identical.
Radiography and three-dimensional CT reconstruction of vertebrae revealed that the architectural alterations found in the model were similar to those of idiopathic-type deformity observed in clinical practice.
在未成年山羊中建立脊柱侧凸的体内模型。
评估创新动物模型的可行性、可靠性和并发症。
在创建脊柱侧凸模型的方法中，脊柱后向不对称固定产生了令人鼓舞的结果。然而，使用后向不对称固定的一些缺点是显而易见的。
对 14 只 5-8 周龄、体重 6-8 公斤的雌性山羊进行仪器和单侧椎弓根螺钉和对侧肋骨切除的固定。12 只山羊通过连续放射摄影进行了 8 周的随访。6 只山羊去除了后向负荷，未给予治疗。从 6 只动物中随机选择 2 只进行 CT 三维重建，8 周后再次进行。所有 6 只山羊在观察 16 周后死亡并采集脊柱标本进行组织学研究。
放射学观察显示，12 只山羊出现脊柱侧凸，凸向右侧，11 只山羊的曲率随时间增加，1 只动物的曲率不变。手术后即刻的角度平均为 29.0 度（23 度-38 度），在 8 至 10 周内增加到平均 43.0 度（36.0 度-58.0 度），平均角度增加为 14.0 度（P<0.001）。在移除固定装置后的 2 个月内，6 只山羊的曲率停止增加（P>0.05）。三维 CT 重建显示椎体楔入，胸架两侧不对称，主曲中的椎体旋转。组织学研究显示，山羊仍处于生长阶段，脊柱两侧的生长潜力并不相同。
椎体的放射学和三维 CT 重建显示，该模型中发现的结构改变与临床实践中观察到的特发性畸形相似。
