Ritter Stefanie L, Hall Randy A
Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Dec;10(12):819-30. doi: 10.1038/nrm2803.
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate physiological responses to various ligands, such as hormones, neurotransmitters and sensory stimuli. The signalling and trafficking properties of GPCRs are often highly malleable depending on the cellular context. Such fine-tuning of GPCR function can be attributed in many cases to receptor-interacting proteins that are differentially expressed in distinct cell types. In some cases these GPCR-interacting partners directly mediate receptor signalling, whereas in other cases they act mainly as scaffolds to modulate G protein-mediated signalling. Furthermore, GPCR-interacting proteins can have a big impact on the regulation of GPCR trafficking, localization and/or pharmacological properties.
G蛋白偶联受体(GPCRs)介导对各种配体的生理反应,如激素、神经递质和感觉刺激。GPCRs的信号传导和转运特性通常高度可变,这取决于细胞环境。在许多情况下,GPCR功能的这种微调可归因于在不同细胞类型中差异表达的受体相互作用蛋白。在某些情况下,这些与GPCR相互作用的伙伴直接介导受体信号传导,而在其他情况下,它们主要作为支架来调节G蛋白介导的信号传导。此外,与GPCR相互作用的蛋白可对GPCR的转运、定位和/或药理特性的调节产生重大影响。