Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
J Comp Physiol B. 2010 Mar;180(3):371-84. doi: 10.1007/s00360-009-0419-4.
The influence of feeding on swimming performance and exercise recovery in fish is poorly understood. Examining swimming behavior and physiological status following periods of feeding and fasting is important because wild fish often face periods of starvation. In the current study, researchers force fed and fasted groups of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) of similar sizes for a period of 16 days. Following this feeding and fasting period, fish were exercised for 60 s and monitored for swimming performance and physiological recovery. Resting metabolic rates were also determined. Fasted fish lost an average of 16 g (nearly 12%) of body mass, while force fed fish maintained body mass. Force fed fish swam 28% further and required nearly 14 s longer to tire during exercise. However, only some physiological conditions differed between feeding groups. Resting muscle glycogen concentrations was twofold greater in force fed fish, at rest and throughout recovery, although it decreased in both feeding treatments following exercise. Liver mass was nearly three times greater in force fed fish, and fasted fish had an average of 65% more cortisol throughout recovery. Similar recovery rates of most physiological responses were observed despite force fed fish having a metabolic rate 75% greater than fasted fish. Results are discussed as they relate to largemouth bass starvation in wild systems and how these physiological differences might be important in an evolutionary context.
摄食对鱼类游泳性能和运动后恢复的影响尚未被充分了解。研究摄食和禁食后鱼类的游泳行为和生理状态非常重要，因为野生鱼类经常面临饥饿期。在本研究中，研究人员对体型相似的大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）进行了为期 16 天的强制摄食和禁食处理。在这段摄食和禁食期结束后，研究人员对鱼进行了 60 秒的运动，并监测其游泳性能和生理恢复情况。同时还测定了静止代谢率。禁食鱼的体重平均下降了 16 克（近 12%），而强制摄食鱼的体重保持不变。强制摄食鱼的游泳距离增加了 28%，在运动中疲劳所需的时间延长了近 14 秒。然而，只有一些生理状况在摄食组之间存在差异。静止肌肉糖原浓度在强制摄食鱼中增加了两倍，无论是在静止状态还是在整个恢复过程中，尽管在运动后两种摄食处理中都有所下降。强制摄食鱼的肝重几乎是禁食鱼的三倍，而禁食鱼在整个恢复过程中的皮质醇含量平均增加了 65%。尽管强制摄食鱼的代谢率比禁食鱼高 75%，但大多数生理反应的恢复速率相似。研究结果与野生大口黑鲈的饥饿状况以及这些生理差异在进化背景下的重要性相关联。
