Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8158, Centre Biomédical des Saints Pères, 45 rue des Sts Pères, 75006 Paris, France.
Dev Psychobiol. 2010 Jan;52(1):90-9. doi: 10.1002/dev.20416.
By the end of the first year, infants show dramatic increases in manual skill. In this study we tested one factor likely to contribute to this change: an increase in the capacity for observational learning, which may enable infants to learn new behaviors and practice ones that they already possess. Thus, we evaluated change in imitation between 10 and 12 months of age. Twelve 10-month-olds and twelve 12-month-old infants were shown different kinds of manual actions on a variety of objects; infants also manipulated objects during a free play control condition. Results indicated that older infants benefited more than younger ones in the Demonstration condition and that at both ages, infants performed the target action more quickly after observing a demonstration. We hypothesize that observational learning can help manual skill development by enabling infants to learn new actions and select and practice ones already in their skill set.
在第一年年底，婴儿的手部技能会有显著提高。在这项研究中，我们测试了一个可能促成这种变化的因素：观察学习能力的提高，这可能使婴儿能够学习新的行为并练习他们已经拥有的行为。因此，我们评估了 10 至 12 个月之间的模仿变化。12 名 10 个月大的婴儿和 12 名 12 个月大的婴儿在各种物体上展示了不同类型的手动动作；婴儿在自由玩耍控制条件下也操作了物体。结果表明，示范条件下年龄较大的婴儿比年龄较小的婴儿受益更多，而且在两个年龄段，婴儿在观察示范后更快地执行了目标动作。我们假设观察学习可以通过帮助婴儿学习新的动作并选择和练习他们已经掌握的动作来帮助手技能发展。
