Zaĭchenko A M, Nagornaia S S, Andrienko E V, Tsyganenko E S
Mikrobiol Z. 2009 Mar-Apr;71(2):57-62.
In attempt to realize the purposeful search of highly sensitive and highly specific microbial test-cultures the authors studied the ratio between selected before species of yeast to the wide set of different mycotoxins including macrocyclic trichothecenes (T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, T-2 triol, T-2 tetraol, NT-1 toxin, NT-2 toxin, fusarenon-X, diacetoxyscirpenol, deoxynivalenol, trichothecin, trichothecolon, neosolaniol, verrucarin A, roridin A, roridin H, aflatoxins, B1, B2, G1 and G2, sterigmatocystin, patulin, fusaric acid, ochratoxin A, zearalenon and their derivatives). It was supposed to define borders of specific sensitivity of test-cultures. The value of minimal inhibiting concentration (MIC) of mycotoxins, which caused fungicide action in respect of the investigated yeast strains, was used as the estimation criterion. Extremely few species with narrow specific sensitivity to individual trichothecenes were found. Strains with group sensitivity to investigated trichothecene mycotoxins (MCTC) were more widely presented. Selectivity in respect of either simple (T-2 toxin), or MCTC (verrucarin A, roridin A, roridin H) is traced for some species. Taxons with mixed selectivity were discovered. Exceptionally high fungistatic activity was characteristic of the investigated MCTC, T-2 toxin, trichothecin. Values of MCTC for these substances in respect of more sensitive strains varied in the borders of 0.03-0.1; 0.1-1.0 and 0.02-0.1 mcg/disk, correspondingly. It was less expressed for diacetoxyscirpenol, deoxynivalenol, trichothecolon (0.8-5.0; 0.1-2.0 and 0.8-4.0 mcg/disk, correspondingly). The data obtained give reasons for completing the bank of yeast test-cultures with wide potentialities of mycotoxins indication in various food and fodder substrates.
为了实现对高灵敏度和高特异性微生物测试培养物的有针对性搜索，作者研究了所选酵母菌种与多种不同霉菌毒素之间的比例关系，这些霉菌毒素包括大环单端孢霉烯族毒素（T-2毒素、HT-2毒素、T-2三醇、T-2四醇、NT-1毒素、NT-2毒素、镰刀菌烯酮-X、二醋酸镳草镰刀菌烯醇、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、单端孢菌素、单端孢菌酮、新茄病镰刀菌烯醇、疣孢菌素A、肉孢菌素A、肉孢菌素H、黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1和G2、杂色曲霉素、展青霉素、镰刀菌酸、赭曲霉毒素A、玉米赤霉烯酮及其衍生物）。旨在确定测试培养物的特异性敏感性边界。将对所研究酵母菌株产生杀真菌作用的霉菌毒素的最小抑制浓度（MIC）值用作评估标准。发现对个别单端孢霉烯族毒素具有狭窄特异性敏感性的物种极少。对所研究的单端孢霉烯族霉菌毒素具有群体敏感性的菌株（MCTC）分布更为广泛。某些物种对单一毒素（T-2毒素）或MCTC（疣孢菌素A、肉孢菌素A、肉孢菌素H）具有选择性。发现了具有混合选择性的分类单元。所研究的MCTC、T-2毒素、单端孢菌素具有极高的抑菌活性。这些物质对更敏感菌株的MCTC值分别在0.03 - 0.1、0.1 - 1.0和0.02 - 0.1微克/圆盘的范围内变化。二醋酸镳草镰刀菌烯醇、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、单端孢菌酮的抑菌活性较低（分别为0.8 - 5.0、0.1 - 2.0和0.8 - 4.0微克/圆盘）。所获得的数据为完善具有在各种食品和饲料底物中指示霉菌毒素广泛潜力的酵母测试培养物库提供了依据。
