Nakano Seigo, Matsuda Hiroshi
Medical Co. LTA Clinical Pharmacology Center, Honjyo Clinic, 1-29-1, Honjo, Sumida-ku, Tokyo 130-0004, Japan.
Brain Nerve. 2009 Nov;61(11):1275-84.
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is one of the common diseases causing dementia by including degenerative changes within the brain. The clinical subtypes of FTLD comprise frontotemporal dementia (FTD), progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA), and semantic dementia (SD). In this review, the role of the brain functional imaging on diagnosing of FTLD is described. Regionally distinct patterns of hypoperfusion on single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or hypometabolism on positron emission tomography (PET) are helpful in differentiation of FTLD, Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD). The recently developed techniques show great promise in detecting specific neuropathological changes in dementia such as amyloid and tau pathology.
额颞叶变性（FTLD）是导致痴呆的常见疾病之一，其包括脑内的退行性改变。FTLD的临床亚型包括额颞叶痴呆（FTD）、进行性非流利性失语（PNFA）和语义性痴呆（SD）。在本综述中，描述了脑功能成像在FTLD诊断中的作用。单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）上区域不同的灌注减低模式或正电子发射断层扫描（PET）上的代谢减低模式有助于鉴别FTLD、阿尔茨海默病（AD）、路易体痴呆（DLB）和皮质基底节变性（CBD）。最近开发的技术在检测痴呆中的特定神经病理学改变（如淀粉样蛋白和tau病理学）方面显示出巨大潜力。
