Department of Dermatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan.
J Dermatol Sci. 2010 Feb;57(2):75-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2009.10.014. Epub 2009 Nov 24.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are important human pathogens that cause a variety of diseases from mild skin diseases such as herpes labialis and herpes genitalis to life-threatening diseases such as herpes encephalitis and neonatal herpes. A number of studies have elucidated the roles of this virus in viral replication and pathogenicity, the regulation of gene expression, interaction with the host cell and immune evasion from the host system. This research has allowed the development of potential therapeutic agents and vectors for human diseases. This review focuses on the basic functions and roles of HSV gene products and reviews the current knowledge of medical applications of genetically engineered HSV mutants using different strategies. These major HSV-derived vectors include: (i) amplicons for gene delivery vectors; (ii) replication-defective HSV recombinants for vaccine vectors; (iii) replication-attenuated HSV recombinants for oncolytic virotherapy.
单纯疱疹病毒 1 型（HSV-1）和 2 型（HSV-2）是重要的人类病原体，可引起多种疾病，从单纯疱疹性唇炎和生殖器疱疹等轻度皮肤病到疱疹性脑炎和新生儿疱疹等危及生命的疾病。许多研究阐明了该病毒在病毒复制和致病性、基因表达调控、与宿主细胞相互作用以及逃避宿主系统免疫方面的作用。这项研究为人类疾病的潜在治疗剂和载体的开发提供了依据。本综述重点介绍了 HSV 基因产物的基本功能和作用，并回顾了使用不同策略对基因工程 HSV 突变体在医学应用方面的最新知识。这些主要的 HSV 衍生载体包括：（i）用于基因传递载体的扩增子；（ii）用于疫苗载体的复制缺陷型 HSV 重组体；（iii）用于溶瘤病毒治疗的复制减毒 HSV 重组体。
