Research Across America, CNS Research Group, Dallas, TX, USA.
J Psychopharmacol. 2011 Feb;25(2):254-62. doi: 10.1177/0269881109349837. Epub 2009 Nov 25.
Drug use has been associated with craving, which may be described as a powerful and sometimes overwhelming urge to use the drug. Patients seeking treatment for methylamphetamine dependence must cope with drug cravings as they engage in psychosocial treatments. Changes in brain GABA(A) receptors during substance use and withdrawal provide a neurobiological basis for craving and associated anxiety. Flumazenil (a benzodiazepine antagonist) plus gabapentin (an antiepileptic) were compared with placebo in a randomized, double-blind study to assess the effects on craving during initial treatment for methylamphetamine dependence. Evaluation was conducted over a 30-day period. Craving and drug use were found to be highly correlated. Craving was reduced significantly in the flumazenil plus gabapentin group compared with placebo following the initial treatment period and throughout the 30 days. Decreased methylamphetamine use was also observed, as measured by urine drug screens and self-reports.
药物使用与渴望有关，渴望可被描述为一种强烈的、有时甚至难以抗拒的使用药物的冲动。寻求甲基苯丙胺依赖治疗的患者在接受心理社会治疗时必须应对药物渴望。物质使用和戒断期间大脑 GABA(A)受体的变化为渴望和相关焦虑提供了神经生物学基础。在一项随机、双盲研究中，将氟马西尼（苯二氮䓬拮抗剂）加加巴喷丁（抗癫痫药）与安慰剂进行比较，以评估它们在甲基苯丙胺依赖初始治疗期间对渴望的影响。评估在 30 天的时间内进行。研究发现，渴望和药物使用高度相关。与安慰剂组相比，氟马西尼加加巴喷丁组在初始治疗后以及整个 30 天内的渴望明显减少。通过尿液药物筛查和自我报告也观察到甲基苯丙胺使用减少。
