Department of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology, Federico II University, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Oct;23(5):575-96. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2009.05.003.
This review focus on the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of prolactinomas. In particular, attention was given to recent data showing a high prevalence of these tumours in the general population, 3-5 times higher than previously reported. The diagnosis of hyperprolactinaemia has been simplified in recent years, and only prolactin (PRL) assay and magnetic resonance imaging of the sella are required. Nonetheless, macroprolactinaemia should be assessed in patients with hyperprolactinaemia in the absence of clinical symptoms of elevated PRL levels. The recent evidence that medical therapy with dopamine agonists should be continued lifelong has been confirmed by several studied. The patients achieving disappearance of the tumours and suppression of PRL levels during treatment are those showing the highest likelihood to have persistent remission of hyperprolactinaemia after treatment withdrawal.
这篇综述重点介绍了催乳素瘤的流行病学、诊断和治疗。特别是，本文关注了最近的数据，这些数据显示这些肿瘤在普通人群中的患病率很高，是之前报道的 3-5 倍。近年来，催乳素瘤的诊断已经简化，仅需进行催乳素（PRL）检测和鞍区磁共振成像。尽管如此，对于无高催乳素血症临床症状的高催乳素血症患者，仍应评估巨催乳素血症。多巴胺激动剂的药物治疗应终身持续的这一最新证据已被多项研究证实。在治疗过程中肿瘤消失和 PRL 水平抑制的患者，在停药后催乳素血症持续缓解的可能性最高。
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