Smollin Craig G
University of California-San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0208, USA.
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2010 Feb;28(1):149-61, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2009.09.009.
Although most poisonings require only supportive care, the emergency physician must recognize when the use of an antidote is required, and understand the risks and benefits of the treatment rendered. Although the more commonly instituted specific therapy in acute poisoning is the administration of intravenous fluids followed by the administration of oxygen, in certain circumstances prompt administration of a specific antidote may be required, and failure to identify these circumstances may lead to significant morbidity or mortality. This article describes select antidotes, and discusses their indications and potential pitfalls.
尽管大多数中毒情况仅需支持性治疗，但急诊医生必须识别何时需要使用解毒剂，并了解所提供治疗的风险和益处。虽然在急性中毒中更常采用的特定疗法是静脉输液，随后给予氧气，但在某些情况下可能需要迅速给予特定解毒剂，未能识别这些情况可能导致严重的发病或死亡。本文介绍了一些精选的解毒剂，并讨论了它们的适应证和潜在陷阱。
