Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010 Jan;8(1):51-61. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2260.
Rabies virus, the prototypical neurotropic virus, causes one of the most lethal zoonotic diseases. According to official estimates, over 55,000 people die of the disease annually, but this is probably a severe underestimation. A combination of virulence factors enables the virus to enter neurons at peripheral sites and travel through the spinal cord to the brain of the infected host, where it often induces aggression that facilitates the transfer of the virus to a new host. This Review summarizes the current knowledge of the replication cycle of rabies virus and virus- host cell interactions, both of which are fundamental elements in our quest to understand the life cycle of rabies virus and the pathogenesis of rabies.
狂犬病病毒是典型的嗜神经病毒，可引起最致命的人畜共患病之一。根据官方估计，每年有超过 55000 人死于这种疾病，但这可能是严重低估了。一些毒力因子的组合使病毒能够进入周围部位的神经元，并通过脊髓传播到感染宿主的大脑，在那里它通常会引起攻击性，从而促进病毒向新宿主的转移。这篇综述总结了狂犬病病毒复制周期和病毒-宿主细胞相互作用的最新知识，这两者都是我们理解狂犬病病毒生命周期和狂犬病发病机制的基本要素。
