Anisimov S V
Adv Gerontol. 2009;22(2):296-315.
Motor dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease are believed to be primarily due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Numerous cell replacement therapy approaches have been developed and tested, including these based on donor cell transplantation (embryonic and adult tissue-derived), adult mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs)-, neural stem cells (hNSCs)- and finally human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)-based. Despite the progress achieved, numerous difficulties prevent wider practical application of stem cell-based therapy approaches for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Among the latter, ethical, safety and technical issues stand out. Current series of reviews (Cell therapy for Parkinson's disease: I. Embryonic and adult donor tissue-based applications; II. Adult stem cell-based applications; III. Neonatal, fetal and embryonic stem cell-based applications; IV. Risks and future trends) aims providing a balanced and updated view on various issues associated with cell types (including stem cells) in regards to their potential in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Essential features of the individual cell subtypes, principles of available cell handling protocols, transplantation, and safety issues are discussed extensively.
帕金森病中的运动功能障碍被认为主要是由于位于黑质致密部的多巴胺能神经元变性所致。已经开发并测试了多种细胞替代疗法，包括基于供体细胞移植（源自胚胎和成人组织）、成人间充质干细胞（hMSC）、神经干细胞（hNSC）以及最终基于人类胚胎干细胞（hESC）的疗法。尽管取得了进展，但众多困难阻碍了基于干细胞的治疗方法在帕金森病治疗中的更广泛实际应用。其中，伦理、安全和技术问题最为突出。当前的一系列综述（帕金森病的细胞治疗：I. 基于胚胎和成人供体组织的应用；II. 基于成人干细胞的应用；III. 基于新生儿、胎儿和胚胎干细胞的应用；IV. 风险与未来趋势）旨在就与细胞类型（包括干细胞）相关的各种问题提供一个平衡且最新的观点，这些问题涉及其在帕金森病治疗中的潜力。文中广泛讨论了各个细胞亚型的基本特征、现有细胞处理方案的原则、移植以及安全问题。
