EA 4326 Facteurs Nerveux et Structuration Tissulaire, Institut de Synergie des Sciences et de la Santé, 22 Avenue Camille Desmoulins C.S. 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 03, France.
Aquat Toxicol. 2010 Mar 1;96(4):247-55. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.11.002. Epub 2009 Nov 13.
Stimulation of MAP kinase signal transduction pathway by various stressful stimuli was investigated in the marine bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis. Analyses were performed in animals exposed in laboratory to selected pollutants and in mussels collected in winter and summer along the eastern Adriatic coast (Croatia). Effects of oxidative stress, induced by tributyltin, hydrogen peroxide and water soluble fraction of diesel fuel on the activation/phosphorylation of the three Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) p38, JNK and ERK using a newly developed ELISA procedure were evaluated. MAP kinase activation was analyzed 1h after exposure of mussels to chemical agents, and after recovery periods of 6 and 24h. Our results clearly indicated that pollutants generated different patterns of induction of the MAPK phosphorylation. Indeed, only pp38 and pJNK were activated with 11, 33 and 100 microg/L TBT, reaching a maximum activation after 6h in seawater following treatment of mussels with 11 microg/L TBT. Treatment with 0.074 and 0.222 mM H2O2 enhanced activation of both p38 and ERK. These two kinases were activated after 1h exposure, followed by a diminution after 6h of recovery in seawater and a reactivation after 24h. The levels of phosphorylated P38 and JNK were increased after mussel exposure with 7.5, 15 and 30% of water soluble fraction of diesel oil. P38 was activated concentration dependently at 1h exposure. Additionally, field study pointed out seasonal differences in MAP kinases activation as mussels collected during summer had a higher enzyme activation state than in winter, as well as sampling site differences which could be correlated to the industrial/tourism activity and environmental stresses (salinity). All the results converge towards MAP kinase signaling pathway being induced by various pollutants in M. galloprovincialis. This signaling cascade should be considered as a possible biomarker of environmental stress and pollution.
研究了各种应激刺激对海洋双壳类贻贝 Mytilus galloprovincialis 中 MAP 激酶信号转导通路的刺激作用。在实验室中对暴露于选定污染物的动物和在冬季和夏季沿亚得里亚海东部海岸（克罗地亚）采集的贻贝中进行了分析。使用新开发的 ELISA 程序评估了三丁基锡、过氧化氢和水溶性柴油燃料馏分对三种丝裂原激活蛋白激酶（MAPKs）p38、JNK 和 ERK 的激活/磷酸化的影响。在暴露于化学试剂后 1 小时以及 6 和 24 小时恢复期间分析了 MAP 激酶的激活。我们的结果清楚地表明，污染物诱导了 MAPK 磷酸化的不同诱导模式。实际上，只有 pp38 和 pJNK 被 11、33 和 100μg/L TBT 激活，在用 11μg/L TBT 处理贻贝后，在海水中达到最大激活时间为 6 小时。用 0.074 和 0.222mM H2O2 处理会增强 p38 和 ERK 的激活。这两种激酶在暴露于 1 小时后被激活，然后在 6 小时的恢复时间后减少，在 24 小时后重新激活。在用 7.5、15 和 30%水溶性柴油馏分暴露贻贝后，磷酸化 P38 和 JNK 的水平增加。在 1 小时的暴露中，p38 被浓度依赖性激活。此外，野外研究指出了 MAP 激酶激活的季节性差异，因为夏季采集的贻贝比冬季具有更高的酶激活状态，以及采样地点的差异，这可能与工业/旅游活动和环境压力（盐度）有关。所有结果都表明，MAP 激酶信号通路被各种污染物在贻贝中诱导。这种信号级联应被视为环境应激和污染的一个可能的生物标志物。
