INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490 de la Couronne, Québec, Canada G1K 9A9.
Bioresour Technol. 2010 Apr;101(7):2331-50. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.10.087. Epub 2009 Nov 30.
Bioremediation of wastewater can be enhanced by the use of lignolytic enzymes such as laccases. Laccases oxidize, polymerize or transform phenolic or anthropogenic compounds to less toxic derivatives. Laccase substrates are diverse, and include phenols, dyes, pesticides, endocrine disrupters and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, some of which can be oxidized by extracellular fungal or bacterial laccase. Despite their enormous potential, the use of laccases for decontamination has so far usually been limited to the laboratory scale due to high enzyme production costs. The use of lignocellulosic waste material and/or wastewater as culture media for the growth of microorganisms producing laccase is gaining popularity, but is still low profile due to the ever-present challenges of this approach. The last two decades have seen the publication of numerous reviews on laccases; however, information on laccase properties and production parameters remains sketchy. Hence, a global overview of parameters affecting the biocatalysis of pollutants by laccases, particularly with regard to the economical production of these enzymes using synthetic media and waste materials, is timely.
废水的生物修复可以通过使用木质素降解酶如漆酶来增强。漆酶氧化、聚合或转化酚类或人为化合物为毒性较小的衍生物。漆酶的底物多种多样，包括酚类、染料、农药、内分泌干扰物和多环芳烃，其中一些可以被胞外真菌或细菌漆酶氧化。尽管它们具有巨大的潜力，但由于酶生产成本高，迄今为止，漆酶在去污方面的应用通常仅限于实验室规模。使用木质纤维素废物和/或废水作为微生物生长的培养基来生产漆酶越来越受欢迎，但由于这种方法一直存在挑战，因此仍然不太为人所知。在过去的二十年中，已经发表了许多关于漆酶的评论；然而，关于漆酶特性和生产参数的信息仍然很粗略。因此，及时对影响漆酶生物催化污染物的参数进行全面概述，特别是使用合成培养基和废物材料经济生产这些酶，是很有必要的。
