Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Adv Physiol Educ. 2009 Dec;33(4):308-14. doi: 10.1152/advan.00048.2009.
Learning styles may be classified according to the sensory modality that one most prefers to use when internalizing information. The four major sensory modalities are visual, aural or auditory, read/write, and kinesthetic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between preferred learning style, gender, and course scores in an undergraduate physiology class. Students from the fall 2008 and spring 2009 Applied Human Physiology courses completed an online questionnaire in which they were asked to both provide descriptive information about themselves (e.g., gender and major) and self-assess their preferred sensory modality. A total of 901 students completed the questionnaire, 75% of which were female and 25% were male. The results from a chi(2)-analysis (chi(2) = 9.59, P < 0.05) indicated that females and males had significantly different learning style preferences. Females most preferred visual learning (46%) followed by aural (27%), read/write (23%), and kinesthetic (4%). Males most preferred visual learning (49%) followed by read/write (29%), aural (17%), and kinesthetic (5%). There was also a significant relationship (P < 0.05 by ANOVA) between preferred sensory modality and course scores. The mean overall course scores were 83.53 +/- 8.25, 85.58 +/- 8.18, 84.98 +/- 7.78, and 76.70 +/- 7.92 for those that preferred visual, aural, read/write, and kinesthetic modalities, respectively. These results support the findings of Wehrwein et al. (18): that female and male physiology students have different sensory modality preferences and that they provide the first step in determining if sensory modality preferences impact final course scores.
学习风格可以根据个人在吸收信息时最偏好的感觉模式进行分类。四种主要的感觉模式是视觉、听觉、读写和动觉。本研究旨在调查本科生理学课程中，学生的偏好学习风格、性别与课程分数之间的关系。2008 年秋季和 2009 年春季的应用人类生理学课程的学生完成了在线问卷调查，问卷要求他们提供有关自身的描述性信息（例如，性别和专业）以及自我评估他们的偏好感觉模式。共有 901 名学生完成了问卷，其中 75%是女性，25%是男性。卡方检验（χ²=9.59，P<0.05）的结果表明，女性和男性的学习风格偏好存在显著差异。女性最偏好视觉学习（46%），其次是听觉（27%）、读写（23%）和动觉（4%）。男性最偏好视觉学习（49%），其次是读写（29%）、听觉（17%）和动觉（5%）。偏好的感觉模式与课程分数之间也存在显著关系（通过 ANOVA 分析，P<0.05）。总体课程分数的平均值分别为 83.53±8.25、85.58±8.18、84.98±7.78 和 76.70±7.92，分别对应于偏好视觉、听觉、读写和动觉的学生。这些结果支持 Wehrwein 等人的发现：女性和男性生理学学生具有不同的感觉模式偏好，并且为确定感觉模式偏好是否影响最终课程分数提供了第一步。
