Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010 Apr;30(4):662-6. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.108.181636. Epub 2009 Nov 30.
Atmospheric oxygen appeared approximately 2.3 billion years ago and sustains most complex life on earth. As mitochondria evolved to harness the energy in oxygen, systems developed to sense and respond to local oxygen concentrations and metabolic conditions. For more than a decade, research has focused on hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1), a key component of the eukaryotic oxygen-response system. Recently, evidence for other systems has also surfaced. One of these systems involves the PGC-1 alpha coactivator, a powerful transcriptional regulator of mitochondria and oxidative metabolic programs. This brief review will focus on this burgeoning role for PGC-1 alpha and will highlight the many questions that remain unanswered.
大气中的氧气大约出现在 23 亿年前，为地球上大多数复杂生命提供了支持。随着线粒体进化以利用氧气中的能量，各种系统得以发展，以感知和响应局部氧气浓度和代谢条件。十多年来，研究一直集中在缺氧诱导因子 1（HIF1）上，它是真核生物氧反应系统的关键组成部分。最近，其他系统的证据也浮出水面。其中一个系统涉及 PGC-1α 共激活因子，它是线粒体和氧化代谢程序的强大转录调节剂。这篇简短的综述将重点介绍 PGC-1α 的这一新兴作用，并强调仍存在许多未解答的问题。
