Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Alan Gilbert Building, National Neuroscience Facility, Level 3, Victoria 3053, Australia.
Br J Psychiatry. 2009 Dec;195(6):475-82. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.055731.
Cognitive functioning in affective psychosis and schizoaffective disorder is much less studied compared with schizophrenia.
To quantitatively undertake a meta-analysis of the available data that directly compares cognitive functioning across schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and affective psychosis.
Following a thorough literature review, 31 studies that compared the performances of people with schizophrenia (1979 participants) with that of those with affective psychosis or schizoaffective disorder (1314 participants) were included. To determine the effect of demographic and clinical confounders, meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted.
In 6 of 12 cognitive domains, people with schizophrenia performed worse than people with schizoaffective disorder or affective psychosis. However, the between-group differences were small and the distribution of effect sizes showed substantial heterogeneity. The between-group differences were driven by a higher percentage of males, more severe negative symptoms and younger age at onset of illness in the schizophrenia samples.
Neuropsychological data do not provide evidence for categorical differences between schizophrenia and other groups. However, a subgroup of individuals with schizophrenia who have more severe negative symptoms may be cognitively more impaired than those with affective psychosis/schizoaffective disorder.
与精神分裂症相比，情感性精神病和分裂情感性障碍的认知功能研究要少得多。
定量开展荟萃分析，以直接比较精神分裂症、分裂情感性障碍和情感性精神病患者的认知功能。
在全面的文献回顾后，纳入了 31 项研究，这些研究比较了精神分裂症患者（1979 名参与者）与情感性精神病或分裂情感性障碍患者（1314 名参与者）的表现。为了确定人口统计学和临床混杂因素的影响，进行了元回归和亚组分析。
在 12 个认知领域中的 6 个领域，精神分裂症患者的表现不如分裂情感性障碍或情感性精神病患者。然而，组间差异较小，且效应量的分布显示出明显的异质性。组间差异的原因是精神分裂症样本中男性比例较高、更严重的阴性症状和发病年龄较小。
神经心理学数据并未为精神分裂症与其他组之间的分类差异提供证据。然而，具有更严重阴性症状的精神分裂症亚组患者的认知功能可能比情感性精神病/分裂情感性障碍患者受损更严重。
