Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy.
Curr Genomics. 2009 Jun;10(4):240-9. doi: 10.2174/138920209788488553.
Among the gynaecological malignancies, ovarian cancer is one of the neoplastic forms with the poorest prognosis and with the bad overall and disease-free survival rates than other gynaecological cancers. Ovarian tumors can be classified on the basis of the cells of origin in epithelial, stromal and germ cell tumors. Epithelial ovarian tumors display great histological heterogeneity and can be further subdivided into benign, intermediate or borderline, and invasive tumors. Several studies on ovarian tumors, have focused on the identification of both diagnostic and prognostic markers for applications in clinical practice. High-throughput technologies have accelerated the process of biomolecular study and genomic discovery; unfortunately, validity of these should be still demonstrated by extensive researches on sensibility and sensitivity of ovarian cancer novel biomarkers, determining whether gene profiling and proteomics could help differentiate between patients with metastatic ovarian cancer and primary ovarian carcinomas, and their potential impact on management. Therefore, considerable interest lies in identifying molecular and protein biomarkers and indicators to guide treatment decisions and clinical follow up. In this review, the current state of knowledge about the genoproteomic and potential clinical value of gene expression profiling in ovarian cancer and ovarian borderline tumors is discussed, focusing on three main areas: distinguishing normal ovarian tissue from ovarian cancers and borderline tumors, identifying different genotypes of ovarian tissue and identifying proteins linked to cancer or tumor development. By these targets, authors focus on the use of novel molecules, developed on the proteomics and genomics researches, as potential protein biomarkers in the management of ovarian cancer or borderline tumor, overlooking on current state of the art and on future perspectives of researches.
在妇科恶性肿瘤中，卵巢癌是预后最差的肿瘤之一，其总生存率和无病生存率均低于其他妇科恶性肿瘤。卵巢肿瘤可根据起源细胞分为上皮性、间质性和生殖细胞肿瘤。上皮性卵巢肿瘤具有很大的组织学异质性，可进一步细分为良性、交界性和浸润性肿瘤。多项卵巢肿瘤研究都集中在鉴定诊断和预后标志物上，以便应用于临床实践。高通量技术加速了生物分子研究和基因组发现的进程；不幸的是，这些标志物的有效性仍需通过广泛研究卵巢癌新型标志物的敏感性和特异性来证明，确定基因谱分析和蛋白质组学是否有助于区分转移性卵巢癌和原发性卵巢癌患者，以及它们对治疗管理的潜在影响。因此，人们对识别分子和蛋白质生物标志物以及指标以指导治疗决策和临床随访有着浓厚的兴趣。在这篇综述中，讨论了卵巢癌和卵巢交界性肿瘤的基因表达谱的基因和蛋白质组学的当前知识状况和潜在的临床价值，重点关注三个主要领域：区分正常卵巢组织和卵巢癌及交界性肿瘤、识别不同基因型的卵巢组织以及识别与癌症或肿瘤发展相关的蛋白质。通过这些靶点，作者重点关注利用蛋白质组学和基因组学研究开发的新型分子作为卵巢癌或交界性肿瘤管理的潜在蛋白质生物标志物，而忽略了当前的研究现状和未来的研究前景。
