Sartorius Gideon A, Bürgin Laila, Kaufmann Fabrice, De Geyter Christian
Abteilung für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Frauenspital, Universität Basel, Schweiz.
Ther Umsch. 2009 Dec;66(12):779-87. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930.66.12.779.
Pregnancy is the result of a series of highly complex processes, which can be deranged by multiple disturbances on many different levels. Physicians are increasingly dealing with couples suffering from infertility. This rise in case numbers is mainly due to the fact that couples are more and more delaying childbearing until a later phase of their reproductive life, when their social and professional careers are established. The increasing mean age at the first birth has a negative impact on fertility by deteriorating quality and reducing the quantity of oocytes. With increasing age systemic diseases are becoming more coincidental, which in turn tend to exert negative effects on fecundity and fertility both in males and females. This review highlights some associations between infertility and various common systemic diseases. Both general practitioners and gynecologists should counsel young women about the finity of the reproductive phase of their life. Young couples are to be informed, that a "healthy lifestyle" without smoking, sexual transmitted diseases and without metabolic diseases as diabetes and obesity can have a positive effect not only on their general health but also on their fertility and the outcome of future pregnancies.
怀孕是一系列高度复杂过程的结果，这些过程可能会因许多不同层面的多种干扰而紊乱。医生越来越多地面对不孕不育的夫妇。病例数量的增加主要是因为夫妇们越来越多地将生育推迟到其生殖生命的后期阶段，此时他们的社会和职业生涯已确立。初产平均年龄的增加通过使卵母细胞质量下降和数量减少而对生育能力产生负面影响。随着年龄的增长，全身性疾病越来越多地同时出现，这反过来又往往对男性和女性的生殖力和生育能力产生负面影响。本综述强调了不孕不育与各种常见全身性疾病之间的一些关联。全科医生和妇科医生都应该向年轻女性咨询其生殖阶段的有限性。应该告知年轻夫妇，一种没有吸烟、性传播疾病以及没有如糖尿病和肥胖症等代谢疾病的“健康生活方式”不仅会对他们的总体健康产生积极影响，而且会对他们的生育能力以及未来怀孕的结果产生积极影响。
