Han Junyan, Wang Beibei, Han Ning, Zhao Yan, Song Chuan, Feng Xin, Mao Yu, Zhang Fujie, Zhao Hongxin, Zeng Hui
Institute of Infectious Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009 Dec;52(5):553-9. doi: 10.1097/qai.0b013e3181c1d4fe.
CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes are an important cellular target for HIV-1 entry and expand in the peripheral blood of HIV-infected individuals. Because CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes are a heterogeneous population and consist of CD14(high)CD16(+) and CD14(low)CD16(+) subsets, we evaluated the effects of HIV infection on distinct subsets of CD16(+) monocytes.
Untreated HIV-infected patients were recruited to investigate the relationship between the proportions of monocyte subsets with plasma viral loads and CD4(+) T-cell counts. Patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) were followed up in a cross-sectional and a longitudinal study.
Compared with CD14(low)CD16(+), CD14(high)CD16(+) monocytes showed higher levels of CD64 and HLA-DR antigens, which imply that these 2 distinct subsets have different immunoregulatory phenotypes. In HAART-naive patients, elevated proportions of CD14(high)CD16(+) monocytes were correlated with increased viral loads and decreased CD4(+) T-cell counts, whereas CD14(low)CD16(+) monocytes did not show such correlation with disease progression. Of importance, HAART recovered the proportion of CD14(high)CD16(+) monocytes, whereas CD14(low)CD16(+) monocytes did not decrease during 1 year of antiviral therapy.
Taken together, our observations elucidate distinct immune responses of monocyte subsets during HIV infection and antiviral therapy and provide new insight into the roles of innate immunity in HIV-related pathogenesis.
CD14(+)CD16(+)单核细胞是HIV-1进入的重要细胞靶点，且在HIV感染个体的外周血中会增多。由于CD14(+)CD16(+)单核细胞是一个异质性群体，由CD14(高)CD16(+)和CD14(低)CD16(+)亚群组成，我们评估了HIV感染对CD16(+)单核细胞不同亚群的影响。
招募未经治疗的HIV感染患者，以研究单核细胞亚群比例与血浆病毒载量及CD4(+)T细胞计数之间的关系。对接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）的患者进行横断面和纵向研究。
与CD14(低)CD16(+)相比，CD14(高)CD16(+)单核细胞显示出更高水平的CD64和HLA-DR抗原，这意味着这两个不同的亚群具有不同的免疫调节表型。在未接受HAART治疗的患者中，CD14(高)CD16(+)单核细胞比例升高与病毒载量增加和CD4(+)T细胞计数减少相关，而CD14(低)CD16(+)单核细胞与疾病进展未显示出这种相关性。重要的是，HAART使CD14(高)CD16(+)单核细胞的比例恢复正常，而在1年的抗病毒治疗期间，CD1(低)CD16(+)单核细胞比例未下降。
综上所述，我们的观察结果阐明了HIV感染和抗病毒治疗期间单核细胞亚群的不同免疫反应，并为先天免疫在HIV相关发病机制中的作用提供了新的见解。
