NIOO-KNAW, Centre for Estuarine and Marine Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Korringaweg 7, 4400 Yerseke, The Netherlands.
Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Jan 1;44(1):356-61. doi: 10.1021/es902625u.
Primary production and species' lipid contents in Arctic ecosystems are notoriously seasonal. Additionally, seasonal migration patterns of fish may alter prey availability and thus diet. Taking the southern Barents Sea as a study region and PCBs as model contaminants, we examined to what extent each of these factors cause bioaccumulation in fish to change throughout the year. Data on physiology and standing stocks of multiple trophic levels were used to estimated season-specific carbon budgets and by inference also corresponding values for food ingestion and production of cod, capelin, and herring. When combining these values with Arctic lipid dynamics for bioaccumulation model parameter setting, we predicted bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) that were in good agreement with BAFs for cod and capelin observed between 1998 and 2008. BAFs in all fish were 10 times lower in summer than in spring and fall/winter and were mainly driven by lipid dynamics. Trophic magnification factors (TMFs: increase in BAF per unit increase in trophic level as derived from our carbon budgets) were highest for PCB 153 during spring (2.3-2.4) and lowest for PCB 52 in summer and fall/winter (1.5-1.6) and were driven by seasonal shifts in trophic level and lipid dynamics.
北极生态系统的初级生产力和物种脂质含量具有明显的季节性。此外，鱼类的季节性洄游模式可能会改变猎物的可利用性，从而改变其饮食。以巴伦支海南部为研究区域，以多氯联苯（PCBs）为模型污染物，我们研究了这些因素在多大程度上导致鱼类在整个年度的生物累积发生变化。利用生理和多个营养级别的现存量数据，估算了特定季节的碳预算，并且推断出鳕鱼、毛鳞鱼和鲱鱼的相应食物摄入量和产量值。当将这些值与北极脂质动态的生物累积模型参数设置相结合时，我们预测了生物累积因子（BAF），这些因子与 1998 年至 2008 年间观察到的鳕鱼和毛鳞鱼的 BAF 非常吻合。所有鱼类的 BAF 在夏季比春季和秋季/冬季低 10 倍，主要受脂质动态的驱动。从我们的碳预算中得出的生物累积因子（BAF）每增加一个营养级别的增加倍数（即营养级放大倍数因子，TMF），在春季（2.3-2.4）对 PCB 153 最高，在夏季和秋季/冬季（1.5-1.6）对 PCB 52 最低，这是由季节性的营养级和脂质动态变化驱动的。
