Neurological Institute at Columbia University Medical Center, 710 W168th St, 3rd floor, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2009 Dec;9(12):1781-9. doi: 10.1586/ern.09.117.
Parkinson's disease is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. Given the aging population, the prevalence of the disease is expected to increase substantially. The mainstay of treatment has been dopamine replacement therapy with carbidopa, levodopa, dopamine agonists, monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors, catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors and amantadine. Nonmotor features, such as cognitive impairment, mood disorders, autonomic dysfunction, gastrointestinal and genitourinary dysfunction, have a substantial impact on Parkinson's disease patients and their quality of life. This review will provide an overview on medications currently available for management of both motor and nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Focus will be placed on recent and evolving studies evaluating symptomatic and neuroprotective effects of medications, and how such studies may impact the future management of Parkinson's disease.
帕金森病是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，影响着全球数百万人。考虑到人口老龄化，预计该疾病的患病率将大幅增加。治疗的主要方法是使用卡比多巴、左旋多巴、多巴胺激动剂、单胺氧化酶 B 抑制剂、儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶抑制剂和金刚烷胺进行多巴胺替代疗法。非运动特征，如认知障碍、情绪障碍、自主功能障碍、胃肠道和泌尿生殖功能障碍，对帕金森病患者及其生活质量有重大影响。本综述将概述目前可用于管理帕金森病的运动和非运动症状的药物。重点将放在评估药物的症状和神经保护作用的最新和正在进行的研究上，以及这些研究如何影响帕金森病的未来管理。
