Grenier P-A, Beigelman-Aubry C, Brillet P-Y, Lenoir S
Service de Radiologie Générale, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France.
J Radiol. 2009 Nov;90(11 Pt 2):1801-18. doi: 10.1016/s0221-0363(09)73284-6.
Multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) is the imaging modality of reference for the diagnosis of bronchiectasis. MDCT may also detect a focal stenosis, a tumor or multiple morphologic abnormalities of the bronchial tree. It may orient the endoscopist towards the abnormal bronchi, and in all cases assess the extent of the bronchial lesions. The CT findings of bronchial abnormalities include anomalies of bronchial division and origin, bronchial stenosis, bronchial wall thickening, lumen dilatation, and mucoid impaction. The main CT features of bronchiectasis are increased bronchoarterial ratio, lack of bronchial tapering, and visibility of peripheral airways. Other bronchial abnormalities include excessive bronchial collapse at expiration, outpouchings and diverticula, dehiscence, fistulas, and calcifications.
多排螺旋计算机断层扫描（MDCT）是诊断支气管扩张的参考成像方式。MDCT还可检测到局灶性狭窄、肿瘤或支气管树的多种形态异常。它可引导内镜医师找到异常支气管，并在所有情况下评估支气管病变的范围。支气管异常的CT表现包括支气管分支和起源异常、支气管狭窄、支气管壁增厚、管腔扩张和黏液嵌塞。支气管扩张的主要CT特征是支气管动脉比值增加、支气管无逐渐变细以及外周气道可见。其他支气管异常包括呼气时支气管过度塌陷、憩室和膨出、裂开、瘘管和钙化。
