Cooper Keith R, Wintermyer Margy
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2009 Oct;27(4):226-45. doi: 10.1080/10590500903310112.
Bivalve mollusks are equally sensitive to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin's (2,3,7,8-TCDD) effect on gonad development, embryonic development, and epithelial lesion occurrence as higher vertebrates. 2,3,7,8-TCDD alters normal development of reproductive organs and early development in bivalve mollusks at 2 to 20 pg/g wet weight. In both Crassostria virginica and Mya arenaria, 2,3,7,8-TCDD preferentially accumulates into the gonads. The sensitivity of gonad maturation is likely due to disruption of cross-talk between highly conserved steroid, insulin, and metabolic pathways involved in gonad differentiation. The altered gonad development and decreased veliger larval survival can partially explain the lack of self-sustaining bivalve populations in 2,3,7,8-TCDD contaminated estuaries.
双壳贝类软体动物对2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并对二恶英（2,3,7,8-TCDD）对性腺发育、胚胎发育以及上皮病变发生的影响与高等脊椎动物同样敏感。2,3,7,8-TCDD在湿重2至20皮克/克时会改变双壳贝类软体动物生殖器官的正常发育和早期发育。在弗吉尼亚牡蛎和砂海螂中，2,3,7,8-TCDD都优先在性腺中积累。性腺成熟的敏感性可能是由于参与性腺分化的高度保守的类固醇、胰岛素和代谢途径之间的相互作用受到破坏。性腺发育改变和担轮幼虫存活率降低可以部分解释在受2,3,7,8-TCDD污染的河口缺乏自我维持的双壳贝类种群的原因。
