Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Mucosal Immunol. 2010 Mar;3(2):172-81. doi: 10.1038/mi.2009.129. Epub 2009 Dec 2.
The gut mucosa is an important site of HIV immunopathogenesis with severe depletion of CD4+ T cells occurring during acute infection. The effect of prolonged anti-retroviral therapy (ART) on cycling and restoration of T lymphocytes in the gut remains unclear. Colon and terminal ileal biopsies and peripheral blood samples were collected from viremic, untreated, HIV-infected participants, patients treated with prolonged ART (>5 years), and uninfected controls and analyzed by flow cytometry. In the gut, the proportion of cycling T cells decreased and the number of CD4+ T cells normalized in treated patients in parallel with beta 7 expression on CD4+ T cells in blood. Cycling of gut T cells in viremic patients was associated with increased plasma LPS levels, but not colonic HIV-RNA. These data suggest that gut T-cell activation and microbial translocation may be interconnected whereas prolonged ART may decrease activation and restore gut CD4+ T cells.
肠道黏膜是 HIV 免疫发病机制的重要部位，在急性感染期间会发生严重的 CD4+T 细胞耗竭。长期抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 对肠道中 T 淋巴细胞的循环和恢复的影响尚不清楚。采集病毒血症、未经治疗的 HIV 感染参与者、接受长期 ART（>5 年）治疗的患者和未感染者的结肠和末端回肠活检和外周血样本，并通过流式细胞术进行分析。在肠道中，循环 T 细胞的比例下降，CD4+T 细胞的数量在接受治疗的患者中恢复正常，同时血液中 CD4+T 细胞上的β7 表达也恢复正常。病毒血症患者肠道 T 细胞的循环与血浆 LPS 水平升高有关，但与结肠 HIV-RNA 无关。这些数据表明，肠道 T 细胞的活化和微生物易位可能相互关联，而长期 ART 可能会降低活化并恢复肠道 CD4+T 细胞。
