Liu Jian-Bo, Zhang Ling-Lin, Lai Wen-Hong, Feng Liao, Zeng Ya-Li, Liu Li, Hu Ying, Li Jie, Zhang Xiao-Lin, Xiao Yan, Vermund Sten H, Jia Yu-Jiang
School of Public Health, Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2009 Jul;30(7):656-62.
To examine the prevalence and correlates for needle-sharing among new and long-term injection drug users (IDUs) in Sichuan province, China.
Three consecutive cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 6 prefectures of Sichuan province, from 2003 to 2005. Questionnaire-based interviews provided information including socio-demographics, drug-use, sexual behaviors, and HIV-related services. Multivariable logistic regression methodology was used for data analysis.
Of 3852 eligible participants, the rates of needle-sharing in the last 6 months for IDUs with a less than one year, one to three year, and more than three year injection history were 19.9%, 29.1%, and 36.3%, respectively. Needle-sharing for IDUs with a less than one-year injection history was independently associated with factors as: being female, having minority background, higher frequency of injection, sharing injecting equipments, ever having had a non-regular sex partner, or a regular sex partner who injected drugs, never had a test on HIV, being recruited in 2005, and from Zigong prefectures of Sichuan. Needle-sharing for IDUs with a 1-3 year injection history were independently associated with receiving less education, having higher frequency of injecting behavior, sharing injecting equipments, ever having had a non-regular sex partner/a regular sex partner who injected drugs, ever having had unprotected sex with a non-regular sex partner, ever having had unprotected sex with a commercial sex partner or client, never attended skill training for HIV/STD prevention, being recruited in 2005 and 2004, and being recruited from Deyang, Zigong, and Liangshan prefectures. Needle-sharing for IDUs with a more than three-year injection history was independently associated with factors as: less education, higher frequency of injecting, sharing injecting equipment, ever had a non-regular sex partner, ever had unprotected sex with a non-regular sex partner, ever had unprotected sex with a commercial sex partner or client, having had regular sex partners who inject drugs, never attended needle exchange programs, being recruited in 2005 and 2004, and being recruited from Deyang, Zigong, and Liangshan prefectures.
The rates for both needle/paraphernalia sharing and unprotected sex behaviors were high in the IDUs in Sichuan province. These rates were higher among longer-term IDUs than in new IDUs. Our data underlined that better targeted, in-depth and sustained comprehensive intervention packages which including needle exchange, condom promotion along with distribution, and education, were urgently needed to reduce both IDU-related and sex-related risk behaviors among both new and longer term IDUs.
调查中国四川省新的和长期注射吸毒者（IDU）中针头共用的流行情况及其相关因素。
2003年至2005年在四川省6个地区进行了连续三次横断面调查。通过基于问卷的访谈获取社会人口统计学、吸毒情况、性行为以及与艾滋病病毒相关服务等信息。采用多变量逻辑回归方法进行数据分析。
在3852名符合条件的参与者中，注射史少于一年、一至三年、三年以上的IDU在过去6个月中针头共用率分别为19.9%、29.1%和36.3%。注射史少于一年的IDU针头共用与以下因素独立相关：女性、少数民族背景、注射频率较高、共用注射器具、曾有非固定性伴侣或注射毒品的固定性伴侣、从未进行过艾滋病病毒检测、2005年招募、来自四川省自贡市。注射史1 - 3年的IDU针头共用与以下因素独立相关：受教育程度较低、注射行为频率较高、共用注射器具、曾有非固定性伴侣/注射毒品的固定性伴侣、曾与非固定性伴侣发生无保护性行为、曾与商业性伴侣或客户发生无保护性行为、从未参加过艾滋病病毒/性传播感染预防技能培训、2005年和2004年招募、来自德阳、自贡和凉山州。注射史超过三年的IDU针头共用与以下因素独立相关：受教育程度较低、注射频率较高、共用注射器具、曾有非固定性伴侣、曾与非固定性伴侣发生无保护性行为、曾与商业性伴侣或客户发生无保护性行为、有注射毒品的固定性伴侣、从未参加过针头交换项目、2005年和2004年招募、来自德阳、自贡和凉山州。
四川省IDU中针头/用具共用和无保护性行为的发生率较高。长期IDU中的这些发生率高于新的IDU。我们的数据强调，迫切需要制定更有针对性、深入且持续的综合干预方案，包括针头交换、推广并分发避孕套以及开展教育，以减少新的和长期IDU中与吸毒相关和与性相关的危险行为。
