MacLellan Debbie, Taylor Jennifer, Freeze Catherine
Department of Family and Nutritional Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada.
Can J Diet Pract Res. 2009 Winter;70(4):166-71. doi: 10.3148/70.4.2009.166.
The study was conducted to identify the enabling and barrier factors in the development of nutrition policies in Prince Edward Island elementary and consolidated schools.
A document review and in-depth interviews were conducted with key stakeholders (n=12).
Principals were identified as important champions for change. Working group members created an interface between the school world and the nutrition world, and drew upon common philosophical ground to work together to lead the change process. Successfully navigating the process of policy development required building a case for change, testing policies in the real world, integrating healthy eating within school life, offering support to schools, engaging participants, and acknowledging the need to weigh the costs and benefits of the change. At times, external pressures on schools and available foods varied in the extent to which they enabled or challenged policy development. Finally, resource limitations, competing issues, and the use of unhealthy food as rewards were identified as the primary barriers.
The use of a consultative approach that engages key stakeholders early in the process is critical to the successful development of school nutrition policies. This approach also may be an important predictor of the long-term success of such initiatives.
开展本研究以确定爱德华王子岛中小学制定营养政策的促进因素和阻碍因素。
对关键利益相关者（n = 12）进行了文献回顾和深入访谈。
校长被确定为变革的重要支持者。工作组成员在学校领域和营养领域之间建立了联系，并利用共同的理念基础共同努力引领变革进程。成功推进政策制定过程需要为变革提供依据、在现实世界中测试政策、将健康饮食融入学校生活、为学校提供支持、吸引参与者以及认识到权衡变革成本和收益的必要性。有时，学校面临的外部压力和可获得的食物在促进或挑战政策制定方面的程度各不相同。最后，资源限制、相互竞争的问题以及将不健康食品用作奖励被确定为主要障碍。
在过程早期让关键利益相关者参与的协商方法对于学校营养政策的成功制定至关重要。这种方法也可能是此类举措长期成功的重要预测指标。
