School of Public Health, Griffith Graduate Centre, South Bank Campus, Griffith University, PO Box 3370, 226 Grey Street, South Bank, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia.
Public Health Nutr. 2013 Jun;16(6):1082-100. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012003497. Epub 2012 Jul 31.
To evaluate implementation and effectiveness of nutrition promotion programmes using the health-promoting schools (HPS) approach, to indicate areas where further research is needed and to make recommendations for practice in this field.
The searched electronic databases included: CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Health Reference Center, Informit Search, MEDLINE, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Social Services Abstracts and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria were: (i) controlled or before-and-after studies evaluating a nutrition intervention and involving the HPS approach, either fully or in part; (ii) provision of information about components and delivery of the intervention; and (iii) report on all evaluated outcomes.
Schools.
Students, parents and school staff.
All included studies described intervention delivery and six reported on process evaluation. In intervention schools school environment and ethos were more supportive, appropriate curriculum was delivered and parents and/or the community were more engaged and involved. Students participated in interventions at differing levels, but the majority was satisfied with the intervention. The evidence indicates that nutrition promotion programmes using the HPS approach can increase participants' consumption of high-fibre foods, healthier snacks, water, milk, fruit and vegetables. It can also reduce participants' 'breakfast skipping', as well as reduce intakes of red food, low-nutrient dense foods, fatty and cream foods, sweet drinks consumption and eating disorders. It can help to develop hygienic habits and improved food safety behaviours.
More professional training for teachers in the HPS approach, further qualitative studies, longer intervention periods, improved follow-up evaluations and adequate funding are required for future school-based nutrition promotion programmes.
评估使用健康促进学校（HPS）方法推广营养方案的实施情况和效果，指出需要进一步研究的领域，并为该领域的实践提供建议。
搜索的电子数据库包括：CINAHL、Cochrane 图书馆、健康参考中心、Informit 搜索、MEDLINE、ProQuest、PsycINFO、PubMed、ScienceDirect、Scopus、社会服务摘要和 Web of Science。纳入标准为：（i）评估营养干预措施的对照或前后研究，且至少部分采用 HPS 方法；（ii）提供有关干预措施组成部分和实施情况的信息；（iii）报告所有评估结果。
学校。
学生、家长和学校工作人员。
所有纳入的研究均描述了干预措施的实施情况，其中有 6 项研究报告了过程评估。在干预学校中，学校环境和氛围更加支持，提供了适当的课程，家长和/或社区更加参与和投入。学生参与干预的程度不同，但大多数对干预感到满意。证据表明，采用 HPS 方法的营养推广方案可以增加参与者高纤维食物、更健康的零食、水、牛奶、水果和蔬菜的摄入量。它还可以减少参与者的“不吃早餐”现象，以及减少红色食物、低营养密度食物、高脂肪和奶油食物、含糖饮料的摄入量和饮食失调。它有助于培养卫生习惯和改善食品安全行为。
未来基于学校的营养推广方案需要为教师提供更专业的 HPS 方法培训、进一步开展定性研究、延长干预时间、改进后续评估和充足的资金。
