Department of Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health GmbH, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010 May 28;321(1):57-66. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2009.11.014. Epub 2009 Dec 2.
Thyroid cancer derived from the follicular cell is characterised by specific gene alterations that are closely linked to the various pathological types comprising papillary, follicular and anaplastic thyroid cancer. However, the correlation between molecular biology and pathology is not absolute, since about 30% of cases do not harbour the typical gene alterations. This situation, coupled with the demonstration of genetic heterogeneity in thyroid cancer, is a strong motivation for the search of novel gene alterations. Chromosomal aberrations are a good starting point to initiate this search and therefore the current knowledge on chromosomal alterations in thyroid follicular-cell neoplasia is reviewed in this article. An overview on molecular cytogenetic approaches for this strategy is also provided. The identification of novel genetic markers in thyroid cancer will be further improved by integrative approaches combining data from genomic and expression analyses with clinical data. This approach is powerful to identify genetic markers as well as new therapeutic targets in follicular-cell thyroid cancer.
甲状腺滤泡细胞癌的特征是具有特定的基因改变，这些改变与各种病理类型密切相关，包括乳头状、滤泡状和间变性甲状腺癌。然而，分子生物学和病理学之间的相关性并非绝对的，因为约 30%的病例并不具有典型的基因改变。这种情况，加上甲状腺癌遗传异质性的证明，强烈促使人们寻找新的基因改变。染色体异常是开始这种搜索的一个很好的起点，因此，本文综述了甲状腺滤泡细胞肿瘤中染色体改变的现有知识。还提供了用于该策略的分子细胞遗传学方法的概述。通过将基因组和表达分析数据与临床数据相结合的综合方法，将进一步提高甲状腺癌中新的遗传标记的鉴定。这种方法在鉴定遗传标记以及滤泡状甲状腺癌的新治疗靶点方面非常有效。
