Narayanan Michael R, Scalzi Maria Elena, Redmond Stephen J, Lord Steven R, Celler Branko G, Lovell Nigel H
Biomedical Systems Laboratory, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2009;2009:6179-82. doi: 10.1109/IEMBS.2009.5334506.
Falls in the elderly have a profound impact on their quality of life through injury, increased fear of falling, reduced confidence to perform daily tasks and loss of independence. Falls come at a substantial economic cost. Tools to quantify falls risk and evaluate functional deficits allow interventions to be targeted to those at increased risk of falling and tailored to correct deficits with the aim of reducing falls rate and reducing ones risk of falling. We describe a system to evaluate falls risk and functional deficits in the elderly. The system is based on the evaluation of performance in a simple set of controlled movements known as the directed routine (DR). We present preliminary results of the DR in a cohort of 68 subjects using features extracted from the DR. Linear least-squares models were trained to estimate falls risk, knee-extension strength, proprioception, mediolateral body sway, anteroposterior body sway and contrast sensitivity. The model estimates provided good to fair correlations with (r=0.76 p<0.001), (r=0.65 p<0.001), (r=0.35 p<0.01), (r=0.53 p<0.001), (r=0.48 p<0.001) and (r=0.37 p<0.01) respectively.
老年人跌倒会通过造成伤害、增加跌倒恐惧、降低执行日常任务的信心以及丧失独立性，对他们的生活质量产生深远影响。跌倒会带来巨大的经济成本。量化跌倒风险和评估功能缺陷的工具能够使干预措施针对跌倒风险增加的人群，并进行针对性调整以纠正缺陷，从而降低跌倒发生率和个人跌倒风险。我们描述了一种评估老年人跌倒风险和功能缺陷的系统。该系统基于对一组简单的受控动作（称为定向常规动作，DR）表现的评估。我们展示了在68名受试者队列中使用从DR提取的特征得出的DR初步结果。训练线性最小二乘模型以估计跌倒风险、膝关节伸展力量、本体感觉、身体左右摇摆、身体前后摇摆和对比敏感度。模型估计结果与上述各项分别具有良好到中等的相关性（r = 0.76，p < 0.001），（r = 0.65，p < 0.001），（r = 0.35，p < 0.01），（r = 0.53，p < 0.001），（r = 0.48，p < 0.001）和（r = 0.37，p < 0.01）。
