Miller Arnold I, Foote Michael
Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Post Office Box 210013, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
Science. 2009 Nov 20;326(5956):1106-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1180061.
Environmental perturbations during mass extinctions were likely manifested differently in epicontinental seas than in open-ocean-facing habitats of comparable depth. Here, we present a dissection of origination and extinction in epicontinental seas versus open-ocean-facing coastal regions in the Permian through Cretaceous periods, an interval through which both settings are well represented in the fossil record. Results demonstrate that extinction rates were significantly higher in open-ocean settings than in epicontinental seas during major mass extinctions but not at other times and that origination rates were significantly higher in open-ocean settings for a protracted interval from the Late Jurassic through the Late Cretaceous. These patterns are manifested even when other paleogeographic and environmental variables are held fixed, indicating that epicontinental seas and open-ocean-facing coastlines carry distinct macroevolutionary signatures.
在大灭绝期间，陆表海的环境扰动可能与深度相当的面向大洋的栖息地表现不同。在此，我们剖析了二叠纪至白垩纪期间陆表海与面向大洋的沿海地区的起源和灭绝情况，在这一时期的化石记录中这两种环境都有很好的体现。结果表明，在主要大灭绝期间，开阔海洋环境中的灭绝率显著高于陆表海，但在其他时期并非如此，并且从晚侏罗世到晚白垩世的一段较长时间内，开阔海洋环境中的起源率显著更高。即使其他古地理和环境变量保持不变，这些模式依然存在，这表明陆表海和面向大洋的海岸线具有不同的宏观演化特征。
