Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108-6118, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2010 Apr;88(4):1388-97. doi: 10.2527/jas.2008-1403. Epub 2009 Dec 4.
A study was conducted to determine the quantitative effects of feeding amount and withdrawal period of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from the diet on growth performance, carcass quality, and pork fat fatty acid profile. A total of 432 pigs (29.8 +/- 0.2 kg of BW) were randomly allotted to 1 of 9 dietary treatments in a completely randomized arrangement. The 9 treatments were the control (D0), D15-0 wk, D15-3 wk, D15-6 wk, D15-9 wk, D30-0 wk, D30-3 wk, D30-6 wk, and D30-9 wk, where D0, D15, and D30 indicate the dietary content of DDGS (0, 15, and 30%, respectively) and 0 wk, 3 wk, 6 wk, and 9 wk indicate the withdrawal period of DDGS from the diets before slaughter (0, 3, 6, and 9 wk, respectively). A dietary DDGS inclusion rate of 15 or 30%, without or with a withdrawal period, had no effect (P = 0.76) on ADG, ADFI, and G:F, except for a slight reduction (0.87 vs. 0.92 kg/d; P < 0.05) in ADG when pigs received the D30-0 wk treatment compared with the D0 treatment. Carcass quality, LM quality, and Japanese fat color scores for backfat and belly fat were not affected by dietary DDGS content (backfat, P = 0.47; belly fat, P = 0.17) or withdrawal period (backfat, P = 0.33; belly fat, P = 0.95). Compared with pigs fed the D0 diet, a smaller belly firmness score was observed (P = 0.04) in pigs that received the D30-0 wk treatment, but belly firmness in pigs fed the other treatments was not different (P = 0.26) from that of pigs fed the D0 diet. Linoleic acid content (C18:2; P < 0.001) and iodine value (IV; P < 0.001) of belly fat increased with increasing dietary DDGS content. Withdrawal of DDGS from the diet for 0 to 9 wk before slaughter resulted in a linear reduction in C18:2 content and the IV of belly fat in pigs fed the D15 diets (C18:2 content: 14.6, 13.3, 12.6, and 10.9%; P = 0.001; IV: 67.3, 64.4, 64.1, and 62.7; P = 0.02; for 0-, 3-, 6-, and 9-wk withdrawal, respectively) and the D30 diets (C18:2 content: 17.3, 16.1, 14.2, and 12.4%; P < 0.001; IV: 71.2, 68.2, 64.5, and 62.7; P < 0.001; for 0-, 3-, 6-, and 9-wk withdrawal, respectively). These results indicate that an inclusion rate of DDGS up to 30% in grower-finisher diets has minor effects on growth performance and that the desired effect of reducing the C18:2 content and IV of pork fat could be elicited in as little as 3 wk after withdrawing DDGS from the diet before slaughter.
一项研究旨在确定玉米干酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS）在日粮中的添加量和停饲期对生长性能、胴体质量和猪肉脂肪脂肪酸组成的定量影响。将 432 头猪（29.8±0.2 kg BW）随机分配到 9 种完全随机日粮处理中的 1 种。9 种处理分别为对照组（D0）、D15-0 周、D15-3 周、D15-6 周、D15-9 周、D30-0 周、D30-3 周、D30-6 周和 D30-9 周，其中 D0、D15 和 D30 分别表示 DDGS 的日粮含量（分别为 0、15 和 30%），0 周、3 周、6 周和 9 周分别表示屠宰前 DDGS 从日粮中停饲的时间（分别为 0、3、6 和 9 周）。日粮中添加 15%或 30%的 DDGS，无论是否有停饲期，对 ADG、ADFI 和 G:F 均无影响（P=0.76），除了 D30-0 周处理组的 ADG 略有降低（0.87 与 0.92 kg/d；P＜0.05）与 D0 处理组相比。日粮 DDGS 含量（背脂，P=0.47；腹脂，P=0.17）或停饲期（背脂，P=0.33；腹脂，P=0.95）对胴体质量、LM 质量和日本背脂和腹脂颜色评分没有影响。与饲喂 D0 日粮的猪相比，饲喂 D30-0 周日粮的猪的腹脂硬度评分较低（P=0.04），但饲喂其他处理日粮的猪的腹脂硬度与饲喂 D0 日粮的猪没有差异（P=0.26）。腹脂的亚油酸含量（C18:2；P＜0.001）和碘值（IV；P＜0.001）随日粮 DDGS 含量的增加而增加。在屠宰前 0 至 9 周停饲 DDGS 导致饲喂 D15 日粮的猪的 C18:2 含量和 IV 呈线性降低（C18:2 含量：14.6、13.3、12.6 和 10.9%；P=0.001；IV：67.3、64.4、64.1 和 62.7；P=0.02；分别为 0、3、6 和 9 周停饲）和饲喂 D30 日粮的猪（C18:2 含量：17.3、16.1、14.2 和 12.4%；P＜0.001；IV：71.2、68.2、64.5 和 62.7；P＜0.001；分别为 0、3、6 和 9 周停饲）。这些结果表明，生长育肥日粮中添加高达 30%的 DDGS 对生长性能的影响较小，在屠宰前从日粮中停饲 DDGS 3 周后，即可达到降低猪肉脂肪 C18:2 含量和 IV 的预期效果。
