University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2011 Sep;89(9):2801-11. doi: 10.2527/jas.2010-3704. Epub 2011 Mar 31.
An experiment involving 560 crossbred pigs (28 replications of 4 to 6 pigs per pen) was conducted at 9 research stations to assess the effects of dietary concentrations of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on pig performance and belly firmness. Fortified corn-soybean meal diets containing 0, 15, 30, or 45% DDGS were fed in 3 phases from 33 to 121 kg of BW. A common source of DDGS containing 90.1% DM, 26.3% CP, 0.96% Lys, 0.18% Trp, 9.4% crude fat, 34.6% NDF, 0.03% Ca, and 0.86% P was used at each station. Diets were formulated to contain 0.83, 0.70, and 0.58% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys during the 3 phases with diets changed at 60 and 91 kg of BW, respectively. The DDGS replaced corn and soybean meal, and up to 0.172% Lys and 0.041% Trp were added to maintain constant SID concentrations of Lys and Trp in each phase. At each station, 2 pigs from each pen in 2 replications were killed and a midline backfat core was obtained for fatty acid analysis and iodine value. In most instances, there were differences among stations (P < 0.01), but the station × treatment interactions were few. Body weight gain was linearly reduced in pigs fed the greater amounts of DDGS (0 to 45%) during phase I (950, 964, 921, and 920 g/d; P < 0.01) and over the entire experimental period (944, 953, 924, and 915 g/d; P = 0.03), but ADFI (2.73, 2.76, 2.68, and 2.70 kg) and G:F (347, 347, 345, and 341 g/kg) were not affected (P = 0.15 and P = 0.33, respectively) during the entire test. Backfat depth was reduced (linear, P < 0.02) by increasing amounts of DDGS (22.5, 22.7, 21.4, and 21.6 mm), but LM area (47.4, 47.4, 46.1, and 45.4 cm(2)) was not affected (P = 0.16) by treatments. Estimated carcass fat-free lean was 51.9, 52.2, 52.4, and 52.1% for 0 to 45% DDGS, respectively (linear, P = 0.06). Flex measures obtained at 6 stations indicated less firm bellies as dietary DDGS increased (lateral flex: 11.9, 8.6, 8.4, and 6.6 cm; linear, P < 0.001; vertical flex: 26.1, 27.4, 28.2, and 28.7 cm; linear, P < 0.003). Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid concentrations in subcutaneous fat decreased linearly (P < 0.001) and PUFA concentrations increased linearly (P < 0.001) with increasing DDGS in the diet. Iodine values in inner (61.1, 68.2, 74.7, and 82.2) and outer (67.9, 73.6, 79.6, and 85.8) backfat increased linearly (P < 0.001) as DDGS in the diet increased. In this study, feeding diets with 30 or 45% DDGS did not have major effects on growth performance, but resulted in softer bellies. Regression analysis indicated that iodine values increased 4.3 units for every 10 percentage unit inclusion of DDGS in the diet.
本研究在 9 个试验站进行了涉及 560 头杂交猪（每栏 4 至 6 头，28 个重复）的实验，以评估日粮中玉米干酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS）的浓度对猪生产性能和腹部紧实度的影响。在 33 至 121kg BW 阶段，使用含有 0、15、30 或 45% DDGS 的强化玉米-豆粕日粮进行 3 个阶段饲养。使用的 DDGS 是一种常见来源，含有 90.1%DM、26.3%CP、0.96%Lys、0.18%Trp、9.4%粗脂肪、34.6%NDF、0.03%Ca 和 0.86%P，在每个试验站均使用。日粮分别配制为在 3 个阶段含有 0.83、0.70 和 0.58%标准可消化 Lys（SID），在 60 和 91kg BW 时分别更换日粮。DDGS 替代玉米和豆粕，并添加高达 0.172% Lys 和 0.041%Trp，以维持每个阶段 Lys 和 Trp 的 SID 浓度恒定。在每个试验站，每个重复的 2 个栏中的 2 头猪被屠宰，并获得中线背脂芯进行脂肪酸分析和碘值测定。在大多数情况下，不同试验站之间存在差异（P < 0.01），但处理间的互作较少。在第 I 阶段（950、964、921 和 920g/d；P < 0.01）和整个试验期间（944、953、924 和 915g/d；P = 0.03），随着日粮 DDGS 用量（0 至 45%）的增加，猪的体重增重呈线性减少，但 ADFI（2.73、2.76、2.68 和 2.70kg）和 G:F（347、347、345 和 341g/kg）不受影响（P = 0.15 和 P = 0.33）。随着 DDGS 用量的增加，背脂厚度呈线性减少（P < 0.02）（22.5、22.7、21.4 和 21.6mm），但 LM 面积（47.4、47.4、46.1 和 45.4cm2）不受影响（P = 0.16）。估计无脂瘦肉占胴体的比例分别为 0 至 45% DDGS 时的 51.9、52.2、52.4 和 52.1%（线性，P = 0.06）。在 6 个试验站获得的 Flex 测量值表明，随着日粮 DDGS 的增加，腹部的紧实度降低（横向 Flex：11.9、8.6、8.4 和 6.6cm；线性，P < 0.001；垂直 Flex：26.1、27.4、28.2 和 28.7cm；线性，P < 0.003）。随着日粮中 DDGS 的增加，皮下脂肪中的饱和和单不饱和脂肪酸浓度呈线性下降（P < 0.001），多不饱和脂肪酸浓度呈线性增加（P < 0.001）。内（61.1、68.2、74.7 和 82.2）和外（67.9、73.6、79.6 和 85.8）背脂的碘值均呈线性增加（P < 0.001），随着日粮中 DDGS 的增加而增加。在本研究中，饲喂含有 30 或 45% DDGS 的日粮对生长性能没有重大影响，但导致腹部更柔软。回归分析表明，日粮中 DDGS 的含量每增加 10 个百分点，碘值增加 4.3 个单位。
