Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural and Fruit Crops, Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, 01326 Dresden, Germany.
Planta. 2010 Feb;231(3):623-35. doi: 10.1007/s00425-009-1074-4. Epub 2009 Dec 5.
Transgenic apple plants (Malus x domestica cv. 'Holsteiner Cox') overexpressing the Leaf Colour (Lc) gene from maize (Zea mays) exhibit strongly increased production of anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols (catechins, proanthocyanidins). Greenhouse plants investigated in this study exhibit altered phenotypes with regard to growth habit and resistance traits. Lc-transgenic plants show reduced size, transversal gravitropism of lateral shoots, reduced trichome development, and frequently reduced shoot diameter and abnormal leaf development with fused leaves. Such phenotypes seem to be in accordance with a direct or an indirect effect on polar-auxin-transport in the transgenic plants. Furthermore, leaves often develop necrotic lesions resembling hypersensitive response lesions. In tests, higher resistance against fire blight (caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora) and against scab (caused by the fungus Venturia inaequalis) is observed. These phenotypes are discussed with respect to the underlying altered physiology of the Lc-transgenic plants. The results are expected to be considered in apple breeding strategies.
转 Lc 基因的苹果植株（Malus x domestica cv. 'Holsteiner Cox'）过量表达来自玉米（Zea mays）的叶色（Lc）基因，表现出强烈增加的花色素苷和黄烷-3-醇（儿茶素、原花青素）的产生。本研究中研究的温室植物在生长习性和抗性方面表现出改变的表型。Lc 转基因植株表现出变小、侧枝横向向重力性、毛状体发育减少以及经常出现的枝条直径减小和异常叶片发育与叶片融合。这些表型似乎与转基因植物中极性生长素运输的直接或间接影响一致。此外，叶片经常出现坏死病变，类似于过敏反应病变。在测试中，观察到对火疫病（由细菌 Erwinia amylovora 引起）和疮痂病（由真菌 Venturia inaequalis 引起）更高的抗性。讨论了这些表型与 Lc 转基因植物改变的生理学基础有关。预计这些结果将在苹果育种策略中得到考虑。
