Population Health Section, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK.
Public Health Nutr. 2010 Aug;13(8):1286-94. doi: 10.1017/S1368980009992175. Epub 2009 Dec 8.
To assess the intake and sources of non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) and fat among children in Scotland in relation to socio-economic status, and to estimate the changes in diet required to achieve recommended levels of intake.
Cross-sectional survey with diet assessed by semi-quantitative FFQ.
Eighty postcode sectors across Scotland.
Children (n 1398) aged 3-17 years recruited from the Child Benefit register (76 % of those contacted).
The mean intake of NMES of 17.4 (95 % CI 17.0, 17.8) % food energy was considerably higher than the UK recommended population average of 11 % food energy. The mean intake of total fat of 32.9 (95 % CI 32.7, 33.2) % food energy met the recommended population average of no more than 35 % food energy, while the mean intake of SFA of 13.8 (95 % CI 13.7, 14.0) % food energy was above the recommended population average of no more than 11 % food energy. Despite clear socio-economic gradients in the mean daily consumption of many 'healthy' and 'unhealthy' food groups, socio-economic differences in NMES as a percentage of food energy were limited and there was no significant variation in the intake of total fat or SFA as a percentage of food energy with socio-economic status. Modelling of the data showed that removing sugar-sweetened soft drinks and increasing fruit and vegetable intake by 50 % would not restore the intake of NMES and SFA to recommended levels.
Major changes in the intake of many food groups will be required to bring the NMES and saturated fat intake in line with current dietary recommendations.
评估苏格兰儿童的非奶类外源性糖（NMES）和脂肪摄入量及其与社会经济地位的关系，并估计为达到建议摄入量所需的饮食变化。
横断面调查，采用半定量食物频数问卷评估饮食。
苏格兰 80 个邮政编码区。
从儿童福利登记册中招募的 3-17 岁儿童（已联系人数的 76%）。
NMES 的平均摄入量为 17.4（95%CI 17.0，17.8）%食物能量，明显高于英国建议的人口平均水平 11%食物能量。总脂肪的平均摄入量为 32.9（95%CI 32.7，33.2）%食物能量符合建议的人口平均水平，不超过 35%食物能量，而 SFA 的平均摄入量为 13.8（95%CI 13.7，14.0）%食物能量高于建议的人口平均水平不超过 11%食物能量。尽管许多“健康”和“不健康”食物组的平均日消耗量存在明显的社会经济梯度，但 NMES 作为食物能量的百分比的社会经济差异有限，总脂肪或 SFA 作为食物能量的百分比与社会经济地位没有显著差异。对数据的建模表明，要使 NMES 和饱和脂肪的摄入量恢复到建议水平，需要对许多食物组的摄入量进行重大改变。
