Everts J W, Willemsen I, Stulp M, Simons L, Aukema B, Kammenga J
Department of Toxicology, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1991 Jan;20(1):20-4. doi: 10.1007/BF01065323.
The first part of this study concerns the effect of temperature and air humidity on the toxicity of deltamethrin to the erigonid Oedothorax apicatus. The second part concerns the effect of deltamethrin on behavior of linyphiids and erigonids with respect to their ability to escape from predators and to select between unfavorable (dry) and favorable (moist) habitat conditions. The toxic effect of deltamethrin was highest at the combination of high temperature and low air humidity. It was concluded that the spider's sensitivity to drought is increased by this pyrethroid. Affected spiders, however, are less able to select moist habitat conditions than unaffected ones. Walking speed of spiders was decreased by exposure to deltamethrin and their predation by carabid beetles was increased. It was concluded that the effect observed under field conditions is the result of a combination of neurological, physiological, and behavioral disturbance.
本研究的第一部分关注温度和空气湿度对溴氰菊酯对尖腹艾蛛毒性的影响。第二部分关注溴氰菊酯对微蛛科蜘蛛和艾蛛行为的影响，涉及它们逃避捕食者的能力以及在不利（干燥）和有利（潮湿）栖息地条件之间进行选择的能力。溴氰菊酯的毒性作用在高温和低空气湿度的组合下最为显著。得出的结论是，这种拟除虫菊酯会增加蜘蛛对干旱的敏感性。然而，受影响的蜘蛛比未受影响的蜘蛛更难选择潮湿的栖息地条件。蜘蛛接触溴氰菊酯后行走速度降低，被步甲捕食的概率增加。得出的结论是，在野外条件下观察到的影响是神经、生理和行为干扰共同作用的结果。
