Fenig S, Levav I
Shalvata Mental Health Centre, Hod Hasharon, Israel.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1991 Mar;179(3):167-72. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199103000-00010.
This study attempted to investigate the opposing effects of degree of traumatization and of contemporary social supports on the demoralization scores of World War II survivors. The respondents were all married, Poland-born respondents living in socially contrasting neighborhoods in Tel Aviv, Israel. Two subgroups were defined, one that had been in Europe during World War II (index cases) and another that was in prestatehood Israel during the same period (comparison cases). All respondents were administered the Psychiatric Epidemiology Research Interview/Demoralization Scale, a short item scale investigating World War II experiences, and the Social Supports Network Inventory. Uni- and multivariate analyses were conducted using means and rates of demoralization as the dependent variable. The results show that demoralization scores were associated positively with dose effect (the more brutal the experience, the higher the scores) and inversely with social supports (the higher the acknowledged presence of contemporary supports, the lower the scores).
本研究试图调查创伤程度和当代社会支持对二战幸存者士气低落得分的相反影响。受访者均为已婚，出生于波兰，居住在以色列特拉维夫社会背景不同的社区。定义了两个亚组，一组在二战期间身处欧洲（索引病例），另一组在同一时期身处以色列建国前（对照病例）。所有受访者均接受了《精神疾病流行病学研究访谈/士气低落量表》（一个调查二战经历的简短项目量表）以及《社会支持网络量表》。以士气低落的均值和比率作为因变量进行了单变量和多变量分析。结果显示，士气低落得分与剂量效应呈正相关（经历越残酷，得分越高），与社会支持呈负相关（认可的当代支持越多，得分越低）。
