Boyce J M
Department of Medicine, Miriam Hospital and Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02906.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1991 Jan;12(1):46-54. doi: 10.1086/646237.
To review practices currently used to control transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospitals, determine the frequency of their use, and discuss the indications for implementing such measures.
A questionnaire survey to determine how commonly selected control practices are used, and a literature review of the efficacy of control practices.
Two hundred fifty-six of 360 hospital-based members fo the Society for Hospital Epidemiology of America, Inc. (SHEA) completed the survey questionnaire.
Many different combinations of surveillance and control measures are used by hospitals with MRSA. Nine percent of hospitals stated that no special measures were used to control MRSA. The efficacy of commonly used control measures has not been established by controlled trials.
Implementing control measures is warranted when MRSA causes a high incidence of serious nosocomial infections, and is desirable when MRSA has been newly introduced into a hospital or into an intensive care unit, or when MRSA accounts for more than 10% of nosocomial staphylococcal isolates. While the value of some practices is well established, measures such as routinely attempting to eradicate carriage of MRSA by colonized patients and personnel require further evaluation.
回顾目前医院中用于控制耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）传播的做法，确定其使用频率，并讨论实施此类措施的指征。
一项问卷调查，以确定所选控制措施的使用频率，并对控制措施的效果进行文献综述。
美国医院流行病学学会（SHEA）360名医院成员中的256人完成了调查问卷。
有MRSA感染的医院采用了许多不同的监测和控制措施组合。9%的医院表示未采取特殊措施控制MRSA。常用控制措施的效果尚未通过对照试验确定。
当MRSA导致严重医院感染的高发率时，有必要实施控制措施；当MRSA新引入医院或重症监护病房，或当MRSA占医院葡萄球菌分离株的10%以上时，实施控制措施是可取的。虽然一些做法的价值已得到充分证实，但如常规试图根除定植患者和工作人员携带MRSA等措施需要进一步评估。
