Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, C. Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy.
Behav Neurol. 2009;21(3):155-63. doi: 10.3233/BEN-2009-0243.
Quality of life (QOL) is an important clinical endpoint, but it remarkably varies in patients with similar neurological conditions. This study explored the role of spirituality (i.e., the complex of personal transcendence, connectedness, purpose, and values) in determining QOL in chronic neurological disorders.~Seventy-two patients with epilepsy, brain tumours or ischemic or immune-mediate brain damage compiled inventories for QOL (WHOQOL 100), spirituality (Spiritual, Religious and Personal Beliefs, WHOSRPB), depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI), and cognitive self-efficacy (Multiple Ability Self-Report Questionnaire, MASQ) and underwent neuropsychological testing. With respect to 45 healthy controls, the patients reported worse QOL, with no difference between the four patient subgroups. Factor analyses of the WHOSRPB, STAI, and BDI scores and of the MASQ and neuropsychological test scores yielded four (Personal Meaning, Inner Energy, Awe and Openness, Mood) and three factors (Control Functions, Cognition, Memory), respectively. Mood, Cognition, Inner Energy, schooling, and subjective health status correlated with the WHOQOL scores, but at regression analysis only Mood and Inner Energy predicted QOL. This suggests that spirituality, as a personal dimension distinct from mood, contributes to determine QOL. A multidimensional assessment of QOL, including personal facets, may explain differences between patients with chronic neurological disorders.
生活质量（QOL）是一个重要的临床终点，但在具有相似神经状况的患者中差异显著。本研究探讨了灵性（即个人超越、联系、目的和价值观的综合体）在确定慢性神经障碍患者的生活质量中的作用。~72 名癫痫、脑瘤或缺血性或免疫介导性脑损伤患者完成了生活质量（WHOQOL 100）、灵性（精神、宗教和个人信仰，WHOSRPB）、抑郁（贝克抑郁量表，BDI）、焦虑（状态-特质焦虑量表，STAI）和认知自我效能（多能力自我报告问卷，MASQ）的评估，并进行了神经心理学测试。与 45 名健康对照相比，患者报告的生活质量较差，但四个患者亚组之间没有差异。WHOSRPB、STAI 和 BDI 评分以及 MASQ 和神经心理学测试评分的因子分析产生了四个（个人意义、内在能量、敬畏和开放、情绪）和三个因素（控制功能、认知、记忆）。情绪、认知、内在能量、教育程度和主观健康状况与 WHOQOL 评分相关，但回归分析仅情绪和内在能量预测了 QOL。这表明，灵性作为一种与情绪不同的个人维度，有助于确定生活质量。包括个人方面在内的多维生活质量评估可能可以解释慢性神经障碍患者之间的差异。
