使用利厄符号或HOTV进行学龄前视力筛查时年龄的影响。
Effect of age using Lea Symbols or HOTV for preschool vision screening.
出版信息
Optom Vis Sci. 2010 Feb;87(2):87-95. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181c750b1.
PURPOSE
To compare the effectiveness of the Lea Symbols and the HOTV distance visual acuity tests, presented monocularly in linear, crowded formats at 3 m, as vision screening tests to identify 3- to 5-year-old children in need of eye care.
METHODS
Subjects were 1,142 3- to 5-year-old Head Start children who completed a comprehensive eye examination, used to determine if the child had one or more targeted conditions: amblyopia, strabismus, significant refractive error, or unexplained reduced visual acuity. Each child was tested on both tests by masked examiners, with test order determined randomly. The optotype sizes administered were age-based according to the child's age at school entry on September 1. Children of age 3 were tested with 10/100, 10/32, 10/25, and 10/20 optotypes whereas those who were 4 were tested with 10/100, 10/25, 10/20, and 10/16 optotypes.
RESULTS
Most children (>95%) completed both tests, with no statistically significant differences. Pass/fail cut-offs were set to yield specificities as close as possible to 90%. The largest sensitivity differences observed were in the 3-year-old group (mean age, 45.3 months), where the sensitivity for detection of > or =1 targeted conditions was 61% for the Lea Symbols and was 46% for the HOTV letters (difference 15%, 95% confidence interval: -0.01 to 0.30) and the sensitivity for detection of group 1 conditions was 83% for the Lea Symbols and 57% for the HOTV letters (difference 26%, 95% confidence interval: -0.01 to 0.49). However, neither these differences nor any of the other age group sensitivity differences were statistically significant. For the 3-year-old children, the pass/fail criterion was one line larger for the HOTV letters than for the Lea Symbols.
CONCLUSIONS
Most children completed both tests. Although the 3-year-old children achieved better acuity scores with the Lea Symbols test, there were no statistically significant differences in sensitivity between tests for any age group.
目的
比较以线性、拥挤格式单眼呈现于3米处的Lea符号视力测试和HOTV视力测试作为视力筛查测试，以识别需要眼部护理的3至5岁儿童的有效性。
方法
研究对象为1142名3至5岁的学前儿童，他们完成了全面的眼部检查，用于确定儿童是否患有一种或多种目标病症：弱视、斜视、显著屈光不正或不明原因的视力下降。由蒙住眼睛的检查人员对每个儿童进行两项测试，测试顺序随机确定。所使用的视标大小根据儿童9月1日入学时的年龄按年龄划分。3岁儿童用10/100、10/32、10/25和10/20视标进行测试，而4岁儿童用10/100、10/25、10/20和10/16视标进行测试。
结果
大多数儿童（>95%）完成了两项测试，无统计学显著差异。通过/未通过的临界值设定为使特异性尽可能接近90%。观察到的最大敏感性差异出现在3岁组（平均年龄45.3个月），其中检测≥1种目标病症时，Lea符号测试的敏感性为61%，HOTV字母测试的敏感性为46%（差异15%，95%置信区间：-0.01至0.30）；检测第1组病症时，Lea符号测试的敏感性为83%，HOTV字母测试的敏感性为57%（差异26%，95%置信区间：-0.01至0.49）。然而，这些差异以及其他任何年龄组的敏感性差异均无统计学显著性。对于3岁儿童，HOTV字母测试的通过/未通过标准比Lea符号测试大一行。
结论
大多数儿童完成了两项测试。虽然3岁儿童在Lea符号测试中获得了更好的视力分数，但各年龄组测试之间的敏感性无统计学显著差异。
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