老年人抗阻训练的剂量-反应关系：一项荟萃分析。

Dose-response relationship of resistance training in older adults: a meta-analysis.

机构信息

Institute of Sports Science and Sports, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.

出版信息

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010 May;42(5):902-14. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181c34465.

DOI:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181c34465

PMID:19996996

Abstract

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to determine the dose-response relationship of resistance training (RT) to improve strength and function in older adults.

METHODS

A systematic literature search was performed in relevant databases and study reference lists to identify randomized controlled trials. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of different doses of strength training in older people (65 yr and older) on strength and functional outcomes were eligible. Two independent reviewers decided on study inclusion, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for relevant outcomes and pooled using a random-effects model.

RESULTS

Twenty-nine trials with a total of 1313 subjects (mean age = 65-81 yr) are summarized in this review. Trials comparing different training intensities show strong effects of progressive resistance training (PRT) on maximal strength in a dose-dependent manner, with high-intensity (HI) PRT being more effective compared with moderate (MI)- and low-intensity (LI) PRT (SMD [HI vs LI] = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.21-1.55; SMD [HI vs MI] = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.22-1.03). PRT was also successful for improving functional outcomes, but gains were independent of training intensity. Power training (PT) was more effective for improving muscle power (SMD [PT vs PRT] = 1.66, 95% CI = 0.08-3.24) and functional outcomes than PRT. There was only little information available on training volume and frequency.

DISCUSSION

Higher training intensities are superior to lower intensities for improving maximal strength but not necessarily for functional performance of older adults. PT has shown to be a particularly effective method for enhancing muscle power and functional performance. More research is necessary to identify the effect of different training volumes and frequencies and the dose-response relationship for very old and frail populations.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在确定抗阻训练（RT）改善老年人力量和功能的剂量反应关系。

方法

在相关数据库和研究参考文献中进行系统文献检索，以确定随机对照试验。纳入比较不同强度的力量训练对老年人（65 岁及以上）力量和功能结果影响的随机对照试验。两名独立的审查员决定研究纳入、提取数据并评估方法学质量。使用随机效应模型计算相关结局的标准化均数差（SMD）和 95%置信区间（CI）。

结果

本综述共总结了 29 项试验，共 1313 名受试者（平均年龄 65-81 岁）。比较不同训练强度的试验表明，渐进式抗阻训练（PRT）对最大力量具有很强的剂量依赖性影响，高强度（HI）PRT 比中强度（MI）和低强度（LI）PRT更有效（SMD [HI 与 LI] = 0.88，95%CI = 0.21-1.55；SMD [HI 与 MI] = 0.62，95%CI = 0.22-1.03）。PRT 也成功改善了功能结局，但与训练强度无关。力量训练（PT）在提高肌肉力量方面比 PRT 更有效（SMD [PT 与 PRT] = 1.66，95%CI = 0.08-3.24）和功能结局。关于训练量和频率的信息很少。