Ibáñez Javier, Gorostiaga Esteban M, Alonso Alicia M, Forga Luis, Argüelles Iñaki, Larrión José L, Izquierdo Mikel
Studies, Research, and Sports Medicine Center, Government of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
J Diabetes Complications. 2008 Mar-Apr;22(2):112-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2007.06.008.
This investigation compared the effects of a twice-weekly whole-body supervised progressive resistance training program in older men with type 2 diabetes with those in healthy older men. Twenty sedentary older men participated in a 16-week progressive resistance training study. They were assigned either to a control group (n=11) or to a type 2 diabetes group (n=9). Lower as well as upper body maximal strength (one repetition maximum) and power testing and blood draws to determine basal hormone concentrations (total as well as free testosterone and cortisol) were conducted 4 weeks before training and then at Weeks 0 and 16. The training program consisted of intensities ranging from 50% to 80% of one repetition maximum, 5 to 15 repetitions per set, and three to four sets of each exercise. Baseline maximal muscle strength was not significantly different between groups. After training, significant differences were observed in the magnitude of increments in maximal arm strength and leg strength between the control and type 2 diabetes groups (36.7%+/-12.9% vs. 24.2%+/-4.1%, P=.04, and 35.6%+/-12.2% vs. 17.0%+/-3.8%, P<.01, respectively), whereas no significant difference was observed between groups in the power output increments of the arm and leg extensor muscles (22.5%+/-21.3% vs. 23.8%+/-18.3% and 34.2%+/-32.0% vs. 33.0%+/-21.2%, respectively). At baseline, significant differences were observed in the concentrations of total testosterone and cortisol between the control subjects and the patients with type 2 diabetes (20.3+/-6.0 vs. 10.6+/-2.9 nmol/l, P<.001, and 546.5+/-114.7 vs. 343.2+/-98.4 nmol/l, P<.001, respectively). However, no systematic change was observed during the 16-week strength training period in the basal concentrations of serum total as well as free testosterone and cortisol in both groups. In contrast, statistically significant correlations were observed in a combined group of healthy older men and older men with type 2 diabetes (H+D group) between the mean levels of individual serum total testosterone and cortisol (averaged for the entire training period) and the individual changes in maximal leg strength and arm strength (r=0.85-0.51 and 0.63-0.70, respectively, P<.05). In summary, it would appear that older subjects with type 2 diabetes are equally trainable for muscle power output but not for maximal strength as their healthy counterparts.
本研究比较了每周两次的全身监督下渐进性抗阻训练计划对老年2型糖尿病男性和健康老年男性的影响。20名久坐不动的老年男性参与了一项为期16周的渐进性抗阻训练研究。他们被分为对照组（n = 11）或2型糖尿病组（n = 9）。在训练前4周以及第0周和第16周进行了下肢和上肢最大力量（一次重复最大值）、功率测试以及采血以测定基础激素浓度（总睾酮、游离睾酮和皮质醇）。训练计划包括强度范围为一次重复最大值的50%至80%，每组5至15次重复，每个练习进行三至四组。两组之间的基线最大肌肉力量无显著差异。训练后，对照组和2型糖尿病组在最大手臂力量和腿部力量增加幅度上存在显著差异（分别为36.7%±12.9%对24.2%±4.1%，P = 0.04；35.6%±12.2%对17.0%±3.8%，P<0.01），而两组在手臂和腿部伸肌肌肉的功率输出增加方面未观察到显著差异（分别为22.5%±21.3%对23.8%±18.3%以及34.2%±32.0%对33.0%±21.2%）。在基线时，对照组受试者和2型糖尿病患者之间的总睾酮和皮质醇浓度存在显著差异（分别为20.3±6.0对10.6±2.9 nmol/l，P<0.001；546.5±114.7对343.2±98.4 nmol/l，P<0.001）。然而，在为期16周的力量训练期间，两组血清总睾酮、游离睾酮和皮质醇的基础浓度均未观察到系统性变化。相比之下，在健康老年男性和老年2型糖尿病男性的联合组（H + D组）中，观察到个体血清总睾酮和皮质醇的平均水平（整个训练期的平均值）与最大腿部力量和手臂力量的个体变化之间存在统计学显著相关性（r分别为0.85 - 0.51和0.63 - 0.70，P<0.05）。总之，2型糖尿病老年受试者在肌肉功率输出方面与健康同龄人一样具有可训练性，但在最大力量方面则不然。
