Semali Innocent A J
School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam.
East Afr J Public Health. 2009 Apr;6(1):1-5. doi: 10.4314/eajph.v6i1.45733.
The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with completion of immunization as an input in to strategies to raise the immunization coverage in Tanzania.
This study used a panel data collected over four survey rounds at a minimum of six months apart to determine the causes of failure to complete immunization in Tanzania. The data were collected during between 1991 and 1994 in Kagera region Tanzania among children 12-23 months old. Data analysis was done using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) version 9.1. Pooled logistic regression was used to determine the likelihood odds ratio of completing immunization.
The study observed 550 children contributing 1541 children observation rounds across all panels. Immunization coverage was 87.7 percent and factors that significantly (p<0.05) increasing completion of immunization were having more than three under five children, high mother's education, being urban, road passable through out the year and high economic status. If head of household was a female compared to male it significantly reduced the odds of completing immunization.
Strategies to improve immunization coverage have to give priority to households headed by a female, poor and those with poor access to health care.
本研究旨在确定与完成免疫接种相关的因素，作为提高坦桑尼亚免疫接种覆盖率策略的一项依据。
本研究使用了在至少相隔六个月的四轮调查中收集的面板数据，以确定坦桑尼亚未能完成免疫接种的原因。数据于1991年至1994年期间在坦桑尼亚卡盖拉地区12至23个月大的儿童中收集。使用统计分析软件（SAS）9.1版进行数据分析。采用汇总逻辑回归来确定完成免疫接种的似然比。
该研究观察了550名儿童，所有小组共提供了1541个儿童观察轮次。免疫接种覆盖率为87.7%，显著（p<0.05）提高免疫接种完成率的因素包括五岁以下儿童超过三个、母亲受教育程度高、居住在城市、全年道路畅通以及经济状况良好。与男性户主相比，女性户主会显著降低完成免疫接种的几率。
提高免疫接种覆盖率的策略必须优先考虑女性户主家庭、贫困家庭以及那些获得医疗保健机会少的家庭。
