Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Am Fam Physician. 2009 Dec 15;80(12):1472.
Aspirin should not be used to treat acute febrile viral illness in children. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: C, based on case-control studies). Although no causal link has been proven, data from case-control and historic cohort studies demonstrate an association between aspirin use and Reye syndrome. The risk of Reye syndrome decreases with age, becoming extremely rare by the late teenage years. Other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are effective antipyretics and are not associated with the constellation of symptoms seen in Reye syndrome, which includes nausea, vomiting, headache, excitability, delirium, combativeness, and coma. Aspirin use in children younger than 19 years should be limited to diseases in which aspirin has a proven benefit, such as Kawasaki disease and the juvenile arthritides. (SOR: C, based on expert opinion).
阿司匹林不应用于治疗儿童急性发热性病毒病。(推荐强度[SOR]:C,基于病例对照研究)。尽管尚未证明存在因果关系,但病例对照和历史队列研究的数据表明,阿司匹林的使用与瑞氏综合征之间存在关联。瑞氏综合征的风险随着年龄的增长而降低,在青少年后期极为罕见。其他非甾体抗炎药是有效的解热药,与瑞氏综合征所见的一系列症状无关,这些症状包括恶心、呕吐、头痛、兴奋、谵妄、好斗和昏迷。阿司匹林在 19 岁以下儿童中的使用应限于阿司匹林已被证实有益的疾病,如川崎病和青少年关节炎。(SOR:C,基于专家意见)。